When Neptune was discovered he had just left the constellation
Capricornus, and in the sixty-six years that his movements have been
followed he has passed through Aquarius, Pisces, Aries, Taurus, and is
now (1912) in Gemini, very near Castor and Pollux. The time required
for his circuit around the sun is nearly one hundred and sixty-five
(164.6) years, so that he remains for about thirteen years in each
constellation. He will complete one sidereal period, dating from the
time of his discovery, in the year 2011.
The apparent motion of Neptune is direct a little more than six months
in the year, and retrograde a little more than five months, so that it
seems to present the old mental arithmetic problem of the climber that
fell back so much every time after he had climbed a certain number of
feet. But the falling back in the case of Neptune is an illusion, as we
know. He keeps straight on in his journey, as we may see if we watch
him from year to year, and his change of position is so slight during
any year that the change of direction is hardly noticeable.
Neptune is as bright as an eighth-magnitude star, and it is possible to
see him with a good field-glass. The difficulty is in distinguishing
him from a star, for his disc does not show except through a telescope.
If one has such a glass, however, it will be worth while to direct it
toward that part of the ecliptic just under Castor and Pollux any time
within the next two or three years, and a sight of this yet strange
brother planet may be the reward. He will be in opposition on January
14, 1913, and thereafter about two days later each year.
XVII
THE LITTLE PLANETS, OR THE ASTEROIDS
The asteroids, or minor planets, are situated almost wholly in the vast
space between Mars and Jupiter. Their orbits are very irregular, both
as to shape and situation; but, so far as is known, only two of them
pass beyond the orbit of Jupiter, and only one has been discovered
which at any point in its journey around the sun comes nearer than the
orbit of Mars.
The minor planets are called by astronomers almost indifferently
asteroids or planetoids. “Asteroids” is probably the name by which they
are most popularly known. But because they are in fact simply little
bodies that revolve about the sun as the planets do, “planetoids” seems
to be more truly descriptive of them, and it is the word I have chosen
to use here.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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