_This process continued; within the very heart_ of Judaism, where the need of these "works" was not felt (that is to say, as a means of keeping a race distinct), a priestly sort of man was pictured, whose bearing towards the aristocracy was like that of "noble nature"; a sacerdotalism of the soul, which now, in order to throw its opposite into strong relief, attaches value, not to the "dutiful acts" themselves, but to the sentiment.... At bottom, the problem was once again, how to make a certain kind of soul _prevail_: it was also _a popular insurrection in the midst of a priestly people_--a pietistic movement coming from below (sinners, publicans, women, and children). Jesus of Nazareth was the symbol of their sect. And again, in order to believe in themselves, they were in need of a _theological transfiguration_: they require nothing less than "the Son of God" in order to create a belief for themselves. And just as the priesthood had falsified the whole history of Israel, another attempt was made, here, to _alter and falsify_ the whole history of mankind in such a way as to make Christianity seem like the most important event it contained. This movement could have originated only upon the soil of Judaism, the main feature of which was the confounding of _guilt with sorrow_ and the reduction of all _sin_ to _sin against God._ Of all this, Christianity is the _second degree of power._ 183. The symbolism of Christianity is based upon that of _Judaism,_ which had already transfigured all reality (history, Nature) into a holy and artificial unreality--which refused to recognise real history, and which showed no more interest in a natural course of things. 184. The Jews made the attempt to prevail, after two of their castes--the warrior and the agricultural castes, had disappeared from their midst. In this sense they are the "castrated people": they have their priests and then--their Chandala.... How easily a disturbance occurs among them--an insurrection of their Chandala. This was the origin of _Christianity._ Owing to the fact that they had no knowledge of warriors except as their masters, they introduced enmity towards the nobles, the men of honour, pride, and power, and the _ruling_ classes, into their religion: they are pessimists from _indignation...._ Thus they created a very important and novel position: the priests in the van of the Chandala--against the _noble classes...._ Christianity was the logical conclusion of this movement: even in the Jewish priesthood, it still scented the existence of the caste, of the privileged and noble minority--_it therefore did away with priests._ Christ is the unit of the Chandala who removes the priest ... the Chandala who redeems himself.... That is why the _French_ Revolution is the lineal descendant and the continuator of _Christianity--_ it is characterised by an instinct of hate towards castes, nobles, and the last privileges. 185.