The Woman's Part: A Record of Munitions WorkYates, L. K.
History
The Woman's Part: A Record of Munitions Work
Yates, L. K.
Great Britain. Army -- Ordnance facilities; Weapons industry -- Employees; World War, 1914-1918 -- Women
The Billeting Board works in hearty co-operation with local authorities
and individuals, and has met with extraordinary success. In the first
instance, two executive members of the Board proceed to a congested
munitions area and, with local aid, institute an inquiry as to whether
billeting can be successfully carried out. In such areas as the Clyde, or
Woolwich, billeting would, for example, be out of the question, but in
other localities, such as Barrow and Hereford, where public opinion ran
that there was no further accommodation even for a stray cat, the Board
has yet found suitable billets for 900 persons in Barrow and 1,200 in
Hereford.
The question of transit, it is true, is intimately connected with the
housing problem, and through the action of the Billeting Board it has in
many cases been possible to remove difficulties of locomotion, and hence
to bring further accommodation within reach of the factories. The Board
has also been enabled to form local committees on which sit
representatives of each housing interest (e. g. landlady, locality,
lodger), and it has authority to recover rent from defaulting tenants.
These, and other powers, have resulted in throwing many additional
apartments on to the market. Yet difficulties remain in the administration
of the Act in that the industrial workers are under no discipline such as
that applied to soldiers, and there is no local authority to compel a
munitions worker either to go into a given billet, or to remain there
when placed. The goodwill of the locality and of the employees has,
however, been so great that the system works smoothly, and from August
1917 to December 31, 1917, 3,000 to 5,000 munition workers have been
placed in existing houses. In a congested district where lodging
accommodation is exhausted, the Billeting Board reports on the need for
further houses, and at such centres as Barrow and Lincoln new houses are
now being erected on their recommendation.
_Temporary Accommodation_
Excluding the utilization of local lodgings and the adaptation of existing
buildings such as Poor-Law structures, Elementary Schools, charitable
institutions, three distinct types of provisional accommodation for
munition workers have made their appearance: temporary cottages, hostels,
and colonies. The temporary cottage corresponds fairly closely to the
ordinary type of permanent industrial cottage, save that the former is
built of wood or concrete and is usually one story instead of two; it
contains three to five rooms, and is rented on the basis of about 5_s._
6_d._ to 7_s._ 6_d._ per week for a three-roomed abode.
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