The Wonders of Instinct: Chapters in the Psychology of InsectsFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
The Wonders of Instinct: Chapters in the Psychology of Insects
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Insects; Instinct
I have given them plenty of first-rate materials, far superior to those
which they use when left to their own resources. These consist, first,
for the foundations, of little smooth stones, some of which are as
large as an almond. With this road-metal are mingled short strips of
raphia, or palm-fibre, flexible ribbons, easily bent. These stand for
the Spider's usual basket-work, consisting of slender stalks and dry
blades of grass. Lastly, by way of an unprecedented treasure, never yet
employed by a Lycosa, I place at my captives' disposal some thick
threads of wool, cut into inch lengths.
As I wish, at the same time, to find out whether my animals, with the
magnificent lenses of their eyes, are able to distinguish colours and
prefer one colour to another, I mix up bits of wool of different hues:
there are red, green, white, and yellow pieces. If the Spider have any
preference, she can choose where she pleases.
The Lycosa always works at night, a regrettable circumstance, which
does not allow me to follow the worker's methods. I see the result; and
that is all. Were I to visit the building-yard by the light of a
lantern, I should be no wiser. The Spider, who is very shy, would at
once dive into her lair; and I should have lost my sleep for nothing.
Furthermore, she is not a very diligent labourer; she likes to take her
time. Two or three bits of wool or raphia placed in position represent
a whole night's work. And to this slowness we must add long spells of
utter idleness.
Two months pass; and the result of my liberality surpasses my
expectations. Possessing more windfalls than they know what to do with,
all picked up in their immediate neighbourhood, my Lycosae have built
themselves donjon-keeps the like of which their race has not yet known.
Around the orifice, on a slightly sloping bank, small, flat, smooth
stones have been laid to form a broken, flagged pavement. The larger
stones, which are Cyclopean blocks compared with the size of the animal
that has shifted them, are employed as abundantly as the others.
On this rockwork stands the donjon. It is an interlacing of raphia and
bits of wool, picked up at random, without distinction of shade. Red
and white, green and yellow are mixed without any attempt at order. The
Lycosa is indifferent to the joys of colour.
The ultimate result is a sort of muff, a couple of inches high. Bands
of silk, supplied by the spinnerets, unite the pieces, so that the
whole resembles a coarse fabric. Without being absolutely faultless,
for there are always awkward pieces on the outside, which the worker
could not handle, the gaudy building is not devoid of merit. The bird
lining its nest would do no better. Whoso sees the curious,
many-coloured productions in my pans takes them for an outcome of my
industry, contrived with a view to some experimental mischief; and his
surprise is great when I confess who the real author is. No one would
ever believe the Spider capable of constructing such a monument.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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