The works of Francis Maitland Balfour, Volume 1 (of 4) : $b Separate memoirsBalfour, Francis M. (Francis Maitland)
Science
The works of Francis Maitland Balfour, Volume 1 (of 4) : $b Separate memoirs
Balfour, Francis M. (Francis Maitland)
Embryology; Zoology
The only other argument used by these authors is stated by Dr
Klein in the following way. "The fact that the parablast has,
at the outset, been forming one unit with what represents the
archiblast, and, _while increasing has spread_ i.e. _grown over
the yolk_ which underlies the segmentation-cavity, is, I think,
the most absolute proof that the yolk is as much different from
the parablast as it is from the archiblast." This argument to
me merely demonstrates that certain of the nutritive elements
of the yolk become in the course of development converted into
protoplasm, a phenomenon which must necessarily be supposed to
take place on my own as well as on Dr Klein's view of the
nature of the yolk. My own views on the subject have already
been fully stated. I regard the so-called yolk as composed of a
larger or smaller amount of food-material imbedded in
protoplasm, and the meroblastic ovum as a body constituted of
the same essential parts as a holoblastic ovum, though divided
into regions which differ in the proportion of protoplasm they
contain. I do not propose to repeat the positive arguments used
by me in favour of this view, but content myself with alluding
to the protoplasmic network found by Schultz and myself
extending through the whole yolk, and to the similar network
described by Bambeke as being present in the eggs of Osseous
Fish after deposition but before impregnation. The existence of
these networks is to me a conclusive proof of the correctness
of my views. I admit that in Teleostei the 'parablast' contains
more protoplasm than the homologous material in the
Elasmobranch ovum, while it is probable that after impregnation
the true yolk of Teleostei contains little or no protoplasm;
but these facts do not appear to me to militate against my
views.
I agree with Prof. Bambeke in regarding the cells derived from
the sub-germinal matter as homologous with the so-called
yolk-cells of the Amphibian embryo.
I have recently, in some of the later stages of development,
met with very peculiar nuclei of the yolk immediately beneath
the blastoderm at some little distance from the embryo, Pl. 10,
fig. 8. They were situated not in finely sub-germinal matter,
but amongst large yolk-spherules. They were very large, and
presented still more peculiar forms than those already
described by me, being produced into numerous long filiform
processes. The processes from the various nuclei were sometimes
united together, forming a regular network of nuclei quite
unlike anything that I have previously seen described.
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