The works of Francis Maitland Balfour, Volume 2 (of 4) : $b A treatise on comparative embryology: InvertebrataBalfour, Francis M. (Francis Maitland)
Science
The works of Francis Maitland Balfour, Volume 2 (of 4) : $b A treatise on comparative embryology: Invertebrata
Balfour, Francis M. (Francis Maitland)
Embryology; Zoology
In the fifth stage the central thickenings of the spindle separate
into two sets, which travel symmetrically outwards towards the
clear masses, growing in size during the process. They remain however
united for a short time by delicate filaments--named by Fol connective
filaments--which very soon disappear. The clear masses also increase
in size. During this stage the protoplasm of the ovum exhibits active
amoeboid movements preparatory to division.
In the sixth stage, which commences when the central thickenings of
the spindle have reached the clear polar masses, the division of the
ovum into two parts is effected by an equatorial constriction at right
angles to the long axis of the nucleus. The inner vitelline membrane
follows the furrow for a certain distance, but does not divide with
the ovum. All connection between the two parts of the spindle becomes
lost during this stage, and the thickenings of the fibres of the
spindle give rise to a number of spherical vesicular bodies, which
pass into the clear masses and become intermingled with the granules
which are placed there. The radii of the stars now extend round the
whole circumference of each of the clear masses.
In the seventh stage the two clear masses become elongated and travel
towards the outer sides of their segments; while the radii connected
with them become somewhat bent, as if a certain amount of traction had
been exercised on them in the movement of the clear masses. Shortly
afterwards the spherical vesicles, each of which appears like a small
nucleus and contains a central nucleolus, begin to unite amongst
themselves, and to coalesce with the neighbouring granules. Those in
each segment finally unite to form a nucleus which absorbs the
substance of the clear mass. _The new nucleus is therefore partly
derived from the division of the old one and partly from the plasma of
the cell._ The two segments formed by division are at first
spherical, but soon become flattened against each other. In each
subsequent division of these cells the whole of the above changes are
repeated.
The phenomena which have just been described would appear to occur in
the segmentation of ova with remarkable constancy and without any very
considerable variations.
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