The works of Francis Maitland Balfour, Volume 3 (of 4) : $b A treatise on comparative embryology: VertebrataBalfour, Francis M. (Francis Maitland)
Science
The works of Francis Maitland Balfour, Volume 3 (of 4) : $b A treatise on comparative embryology: Vertebrata
Balfour, Francis M. (Francis Maitland)
Embryology; Zoology
The final fate of the blastopore is nearly the same as in Amphioxus.
It gradually narrows, and the yolk-cells which at first plug it up
disappear (fig. 170 C and D). The neural groove, which becomes formed
on the dorsal surface of the embryo, is continued forwards from the
point _x_ in fig. 170 C. On the conversion of this groove into a canal
the canal freely opens behind into the blastopore; and a condition is
reached in which the blastopore still opens to the exterior and also
into the neural canal fig. 170 D. In a later stage (fig. 172) the
external opening of the blastopore becomes closed by the medullary
folds meeting behind it, but the passage connecting the neural and
alimentary canals is left. There is one small difference between the
Frog and Amphioxus in the relation of the neural canal to the
blastopore. In both types the medullary folds embrace and meet behind
it, so that it comes to occupy a position at the hind extremity of the
medullary groove. In Amphioxus the closure of the medullary folds
commences behind, so that the external opening of the blastopore is
obliterated simultaneously with the commencing formation of the
medullary canal; but in the Frog the closure of the medullary folds
commences anteriorly and proceeds backwards, so that the obliteration
of the external opening of the blastopore is a late event in the
formation of the medullary canal.
[FIG. 171. LONGITUDINAL VERTICAL SECTION THROUGH AN EMBRYO OF
PETROMYZON OF 136 HOURS.
_me._ mesoblast; _yk._ yolk-cells; _al._ alimentary tract; _bl._
blastopore; _s.c._ segmentation cavity.]
The anus is formed (_vide_ fig. 172) some way in front of the
blastopore, and a postanal gut, continuous with the neurenteric canal,
is thus established. Both the postanal gut and the neurenteric canal
eventually disappear.
[FIG. 172. LONGITUDINAL SECTION THROUGH AN ADVANCED EMBRYO OF
BOMBINATOR. (After Götte.)
_m._ mouth; _an._ anus; _l._ liver; _ne._ neurenteric canal; _mc._
medullary canal; _ch._ notochord; _pn._ pineal gland.]
The two other types classed above with the Amphibia, viz. Petromyzon
and Acipenser, agree sufficiently closely with them to require no
special mention; but with reference to both types it may be pointed
out that the ovum contains relatively more food-yolk than that of the
Amphibian type just described, and that this leads amongst other
things to the lower layer cells extending up the sides of the
segmentation cavity, and assisting in forming its roof.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account