The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21Berkeley, George
Philosophy
The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21
Berkeley, George
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
44. But for a fuller explication of this point, and to shew that the
immediate objects of sight are not so much as the ideas or resemblances of
things placed at a distance, it is requisite that we look nearer into the
matter, and carefully observe what is meant in common discourse when one
says, that which he sees is at a distance from him. Suppose, for example,
that looking at the moon I should say it were fifty or sixty semidiameters
of the earth distant from me. Let us see what moon this is spoken of. It
is plain it cannot be the visible moon, or anything like the visible moon,
or that which I see—which is only a round luminous plain, of about thirty
visible points in diameter. For, in case I am carried from the place where
I stand directly towards the moon, it is manifest the object varies still
as I go on; and, by the time that I am advanced fifty or sixty
semidiameters of the earth, I shall be so far from being near a small,
round, luminous flat that I shall perceive nothing like it—this object
having long since disappeared, and, if I would recover it, it must be by
going back to the earth from whence I set out(323). Again, suppose I
perceive by sight the faint and obscure idea of something, which I doubt
whether it be a man, or a tree, or a tower, but judge it to be at the
distance of about a mile. It is plain I cannot mean that what I see is a
mile off, or that it is the image or likeness of anything which is a mile
off; since that every step I take towards it the appearance alters, and
from being obscure, small, and faint, grows clear, large, and vigorous.
And when I come to the mile’s end, that which I saw first is quite lost,
neither do I find anything in the likeness of it(324).
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