The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21Berkeley, George
Philosophy
The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21
Berkeley, George
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
19. But, though we might possibly have all our sensations without them,
yet perhaps it may be thought easier to conceive and explain the manner of
their production, by supposing external bodies in their likeness rather
than otherwise; and so it might be at least probable there are such things
as bodies that excite their ideas in our minds. But neither can this be
said. For, though we give the materialists their external bodies, they by
their own confession are never the nearer knowing how our ideas are
produced; since they own themselves unable to comprehend in what manner
body can act upon spirit, or how it is possible it should imprint any idea
in the mind(560). Hence it is evident the production of ideas or
sensations in our minds(561), can be no reason why we should suppose
Matter or corporeal substances(562); since that is acknowledged to remain
equally inexplicable with or without this supposition. If therefore it
were possible for bodies to exist without the mind, yet to hold they do so
must needs be a very precarious opinion; since it is to suppose, without
any reason at all, that God has created innumerable beings that are
entirely useless, and serve to no manner of purpose.
20. In short, if there were external bodies(563), it is impossible we
should ever come to know it; and if there were not, we might have the very
same reasons to think there were that we have now. Suppose—what no one can
deny possible—an intelligence, without the help of external bodies, to be
affected with the same train of sensations or ideas that you are,
imprinted in the same order and with like vividness in his mind. I ask
whether that intelligence hath not all the reason to believe the existence
of Corporeal Substances, represented by his ideas, and exciting them in
his mind, that you can possibly have for believing the same thing? Of this
there can be no question. Which one consideration were enough to make any
reasonable person suspect the strength of whatever arguments he may think
himself to have, for the existence of bodies without the mind.
21. Were it necessary to add any farther proof against the existence of
Matter(564), after what has been said, I could instance several of those
errors and difficulties (not to mention impieties) which have sprung from
that tenet. It has occasioned numberless controversies and disputes in
philosophy, and not a few of far greater moment in religion. But I shall
not enter into the detail of them in this place, as well because I think
arguments _a posteriori_ are unnecessary for confirming what has been, if
I mistake not, sufficiently demonstrated _a priori_, as because I shall
hereafter find occasion to speak somewhat of them.
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