The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21Berkeley, George
Philosophy
The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21
Berkeley, George
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
46. It will not be amiss to observe how far the received principles of
philosophy are themselves chargeable with those pretended absurdities. It
is thought strangely absurd that upon closing my eyelids all the visible
objects around me should be reduced to nothing; and yet is not this what
philosophers commonly acknowledge, when they agree on all hands that light
and colours, which alone are the proper and immediate objects of sight,
are mere sensations that exist no longer than they are perceived? Again,
it may to some perhaps seem very incredible that things should be every
moment creating; yet this very notion is commonly taught in the schools.
For the Schoolmen, though they acknowledge the existence of Matter(617),
and that the whole mundane fabric is framed out of it, are nevertheless of
opinion that it cannot subsist without the divine conservation; which by
them is expounded to be a continual creation(618).
47. Farther, a little thought will discover to us that, though we allow
the existence of Matter or corporeal substance, yet it will unavoidably
follow, from the principles which are now generally admitted, that the
particular bodies, of what kind soever, do none of them exist whilst they
are not perceived. For, it is evident, from sect. 11 and the following
sections, that the Matter philosophers contend for is an incomprehensible
Somewhat, which hath none of those particular qualities whereby the bodies
falling under our senses are distinguished one from another. But, to make
this more plain, it must be remarked that the infinite divisibility of
Matter is now universally allowed, at least by the most approved and
considerable philosophers, who on the received principles demonstrate it
beyond all exception. Hence, it follows there is an infinite number of
parts in each particle of Matter which are not perceived by sense(619).
The reason therefore that any particular body seems to be of a finite
magnitude, or exhibits only a finite number of parts to sense, is, not
because it contains no more, since in itself it contains an infinite
number of parts, but because the sense is not acute enough to discern
them. In proportion therefore as the sense is rendered more acute, it
perceives a greater number of parts in the object, that is, the object
appears greater; and its figure varies, those parts in its extremities
which were before unperceivable appearing now to bound it in very
different lines and angles from those perceived by an obtuser sense. And
at length, after various changes of size and shape, when the sense becomes
infinitely acute, the body shall seem infinite. During all which there is
no alteration in the body, but only in the sense. Each body therefore,
considered in itself, is infinitely extended, and consequently void of all
shape and figure. From which it follows that, though we should grant the
existence of Matter to be never so certain, yet it is withal as certain,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account