The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 15Dryden, John
General
The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 15
Dryden, John
English literature
This was the substance of what was then spoke on that occasion; and
Lisideius, I think, was going to reply, when he was prevented thus
by Crites:--I am confident, said he, that the most material things
that can be said, have been already urged on either side; if they
have not, I must beg of Lisideius, that he will defer his answer till
another time: for I confess I have a joint quarrel to you both, because
you have concluded, without any reason given for it, that rhyme is
proper for the stage. I will not dispute how ancient it hath been
among us to write this way; perhaps our ancestors knew no better till
Shakespeare's time. I will grant it was not altogether left by him, and
that Fletcher and Ben Jonson used it frequently in their pastorals,
and sometimes in other plays. Farther, I will not argue whether we
received it originally from our own countrymen, or from the French;
for that is an inquiry of as little benefit as theirs, who, in the
midst of the late plague, were not so solicitous to provide against
it, as to know whether we had it from the malignity of our own air, or
by transportation from Holland. I have therefore only to affirm, that
it is not allowable in serious plays; for comedies, I find you already
concluding with me. To prove this, I might satisfy myself to tell
you, how much in vain it is for you to strive against the stream of
the people's inclination; the greatest part of which are prepossessed
so much with those excellent plays of Shakespeare, Fletcher, and Ben
Jonson, which have been written out of rhyme, that except you could
bring them such as were written better in it, and those too by persons
of equal reputation with them, it will be impossible for you to gain
your cause with them, who will still be judges. This it is to which,
in fine, all your reasons must submit. The unanimous consent of an
audience is so powerful, that even Julius Cæsar, (as Macrobius reports
of him,) when he was perpetual dictator, was not able to balance it
on the other side; but when Laberius, a Roman knight, at his request
contended in the _Mime_ with another poet, he was forced to cry out,
_Etiam favente me victus es, Laberi_. But I will not, on this occasion,
take the advantage of the greater number, but only urge such reasons
against rhyme, as I find in the writings of those who have argued for
the other way. First then, I am of opinion, that rhyme is unnatural in
a play, because dialogue there is presented as the effect of sudden
thought.[144] For a play is the imitation of nature; and since no man,
without premeditation, speaks in rhyme, neither ought he to do it on
the stage. This hinders not but the fancy may be there elevated to an
higher pitch of thought than it is in ordinary discourse; for there
is a probability that men of excellent and quick parts may speak noble
things _extempore_: but those thoughts are never fettered with numbers,
or sound of verse, without study; and therefore it cannot be but
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