The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 14Dryden, John
General
The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 14
Dryden, John
English literature
and there are yet fewer who can find the reason of that sweetness. I
have given it to some of my friends in conversation; and they have
allowed the criticism to be just. But, since the evil of false
quantities is difficult to be cured in any modern language; since the
French and the Italians, as well as we, are yet ignorant what feet
are to be used in heroic poetry; since I have not strictly observed
those rules myself, which I can teach others; since I pretend to no
dictatorship among my fellow-poets; since, if I should instruct some
of them to make well-running verses, they want genius to give them
strength as well as sweetness; and, above all, since your lordship has
advised me not to publish that little which I know, I look on your
counsel as your command, which I shall observe inviolably, till you
shall please to revoke it, and leave me at liberty to make my thoughts
public. In the mean time, that I may arrogate nothing to myself, I
must acknowledge that Virgil in Latin, and Spenser in English, have
been my masters. Spenser has also given me the boldness to make use
sometimes of his Alexandrine line, which we call, though improperly,
the Pindaric, because Mr Cowley has often employed it in his Odes. It
adds a certain majesty to the verse, when it is used with judgment,
and stops the sense from overflowing into another line. Formerly the
French, like us, and the Italians, had but five feet, or ten syllables,
in their heroic verse; but, since Ronsard's time, as I suppose, they
found their tongue too weak to support their epic poetry, without the
addition of another foot. That indeed has given it somewhat of the
run and measure of a trimeter; but it runs with more activity than
strength: their language is not strung with sinews, like our English;
it has the nimbleness of a greyhound, but not the bulk and body of a
mastiff. Our men and our verses overbear them by their weight; and
_Pondere, non numero_, is the British motto. The French have set up
purity for the standard of their language; and a masculine vigour is
that of ours. Like their tongue, is the genius of their poets, light
and trifling in comparison of the English; more proper for sonnets,
madrigals, and elegies, than heroic poetry. The turn on thoughts and
words is their chief talent; but the epic poem is too stately to
receive those little ornaments. The painters draw their nymphs in thin
and airy habits; but the weight of gold and of embroideries is reserved
for queens and goddesses. Virgil is never frequent in those turns, like
Ovid, but much more sparing of them in his Æneïs, than in his Pastorals
and Georgics.
_Ignoscenda quidem, scirent si ignoscere manes._
That turn is beautiful indeed; but he employs it in the story of
Orpheus and Eurydice, not in his great poem. I have used that licence
in his Æneïs sometimes; but I own it as my fault. It was given to those
who understand no better. It is like Ovid's
_Semivirumque bovem, semibovemque virum_.
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