and accordingly placed him in the Elysian fields. Montaigne thinks this was Cato the Utican, the great enemy of arbitrary power, and a professed foe to Julius Cæsar. Ruæus would persuade us that Virgil meant the censor. But why should the poet name Cato twice, if he intended the same person? Our author is too frugal of his words and sense, to commit tautologies in either. His memory was not likely to betray him into such an error. Nevertheless I continue in the same opinion concerning the principles of our poet. He declares them sufficiently in this book, where he praises the first Brutus for expelling the Tarquins, giving liberty to Rome, and putting to death his own children, who conspired to restore tyranny. He calls him only an unhappy man, for being forced to that severe action-- _Infelix! utcunque ferent ea facta minores, Vincet amor patriæ, laudumque immensa cupido._ Let the reader weigh these two verses, and he must be convinced that I am in the right, and that I have not much injured my master in my translation of them. Note V. _Embrace again, my sons! be foes no more; Nor stain your country with her children's gore. And thou, the first, lay down thy lawless claim, Thou of my blood, who bear'st the Julian name._--P. 420. This note, which is out of its proper place, I deferred on purpose, to place it here, because it discovers the principles of our poet more plainly than any of the rest. _Tuque prior, tu parce, genus qui ducis Olympo: Projice tela manu, sanguis meus!_ Anchises here speaks to Julius Cæsar, and commands him first to lay down his arms; which is a plain condemnation of his cause. Yet observe our poet's incomparable address; for, though he shews himself sufficiently to be a commonwealth's man, yet, in respect to Augustus, who was his patron, he uses the authority of a parent, in the person of Anchises, who had more right to lay this injunction on Cæsar than on Pompey, because the latter was not of his blood. Thus our author cautiously veils his own opinion, and takes sanctuary under Anchises; as if that ghost would have laid the same command on Pompey also, had he been lineally descended from him. What could be more judiciously contrived, when this was the Æneïd which he chose to read before his master? Note VI. _A new Marcellus shall arise in thee._--P. 423. In Virgil thus: _Tu Marcellus eris_.