The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of StallbaumPlato
PhilosophyPhilosophy
The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of Stallbaum
Plato
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
“By Jupiter,” said he, “I am far from thinking that I know the cause of
these, for that I cannot even persuade myself of this, when a person has
added one to one, whether the one to which the addition has been made
has become two, or whether that which has been added, and that to which
the addition has been made, have become two by the addition of the one
to the other. For I wonder, if when each of these was separate from the
other, each was one, and they were not yet two, but when they have
approached nearer each other, this should be the cause of their becoming
two, namely, the union by which they have been placed nearer one
another. 105. Nor yet, if any person should divide one, am I able to
persuade myself that this, their division, is the cause of its becoming
two. For this cause is the contrary to the former one of their becoming
two; for then it was because they were brought nearer to each other, and
the one was added to the other; but now it is, because one is removed
and separated from the other. Nor do I yet persuade myself, that I know
why one is one, nor, in a word, why any thing else is produced or
perishes, or exists, according to this method of proceeding; but I mix
up another method of my own at random, for this I can on no account give
in to.
“But having once heard a person reading from a book, written, as he
said, by Anaxagoras, and which said that it is intelligence that sets in
order and is the cause of all things, I was delighted with this cause,
and it appeared to me in a manner to be well that intelligence should be
the cause of all things, and I considered with myself, if this is so,
that the regulating intelligence orders all things, and disposes each in
such way as will be best for it. 106. If any one, then, should desire to
discover the cause of every thing, in what way it is produced, or
perishes, or exists, he must discover this respecting it, in what way it
is best for it either to exist, or to suffer, or do any thing else; from
this mode of reasoning, then, it is proper that a man should consider
nothing else, both with respect to himself and others, than what is most
excellent and best: and it necessarily follows that this same person
must also know that which is worst, for that the knowledge of both of
them is the same. Thus reasoning with myself, I was delighted to think I
had found in Anaxagoras a preceptor who would instruct me in the causes
of things, agreeably to my own mind, and that he would inform me, first,
whether the earth is flat or round, and when he had informed me, would
moreover explain the cause and necessity of its being so, arguing on the
principle of the better, and shewing that it is better for it to be such
as it is, and if he should say that it is in the middle, that he would
moreover explain how it is better for it to be in the middle; and if he
should make all this clear to me, I was prepared no longer to require
any other species of cause. 107. I was in like manner prepared to
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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