Compare Julian with Constantine,--the murderer of his wife,--the murderer of his son,--and who established Christianity with the same sword he had wet with their blood. Compare him with all the Christian emperors--with all the robbers and murderers and thieves--the parricides and fratricides and matricides that ever wore the imperial purple on the banks of the Tiber or the shores of the Bosphorus. Let us compare Bruno with the Christians who burned him; and we will compare Spinoza, Voltaire, Diderot, Hume, Jefferson, Paine--with the men who it is claimed have been the visible representatives of God. Let it be remembered that the popes have committed every crime of which human nature is capable, and that not one of them was the friend of intellectual liberty--that not one of them ever shed one ray of light. Let us compare these Infidels with the founders of sectarian churches; you will see how narrow, how bigoted, how cruel were their founders, and how broad, how generous, how noble, were these infidels. Let us be honest. The great effort of the human mind is to ascertain the order of facts by which we are surrounded--the history of things. Who has accomplished the most in this direction--the church, or the unbelievers? Upon one side write all that the church has discovered--every phenomenon that has been explained by a creed, every new fact in Nature that has been discovered by a church, and on the other side write the discoveries of Humboldt, and the observations and demonstrations of Darwin! Who has made Germany famous--her priests, or her scientists? Goethe. Kant: That immortal man who said: "Whoever thinks that he can please God in any way except by discharging his obligations to his fellows, is superstitious." And that greatest and bravest of thinkers, Ernst Haeckel. Humboldt. Italy:--Mazzini. Garibaldi. In France who are and were the friends of freedom--the Catholic priests, or Renan? the bishops, or Gambetta?--Dupanloup, or Victor Hugo? Michelet--Taine--Auguste Comte. England:--Let us compare her priests with John Stuart Mill,--Harriet Martineau, that "free rover on the breezy common of the universe."--George Eliot--with Huxley and Tyndall, with Holyoake and Harrison--and above and over all--with Charles Darwin. CONCLUSION. LET us be honest. Did all the priests of Rome increase the mental wealth of man as much as Bruno? Did all the priests of France do as great a work for the civilization of the world as Diderot and Voltaire? Did all the ministers of Scotland add as much to the sum of human knowledge as David Hume? Have all the clergymen, monks, friars, ministers, priests, bishops, cardinals and popes, from the day of Pentecost to the last election, done as much for human liberty as Thomas Paine?--as much for science as Charles Darwin? What would the world be if infidels had never been?