The Works of Sir Thomas Browne, Volume 2Browne, Thomas, Sir
Religion
The Works of Sir Thomas Browne, Volume 2
Browne, Thomas, Sir
Christianity; Ethics; Religion and medicine
Few eyes have escaped the Picture of _Mermaids_: that is, according to
_Horace_ his Monster, with womans head above, and fishy extremity below;
and these are conceived to answer the shape of the ancient _Syrens_ that
attempted upon _Ulysses_. Which notwithstanding were of another
description, containing no fishy composure, but made up of Man and Bird;
the humane mediety variously placed not only above, but below; according
unto _Ælian_, _Suidas_, _Servius_, _Boccatius_, and _Aldrovandus_, who
hath referred their description unto the story of fabulous Birds;
according to the description of Ovid, and the account thereof in
Hyginus, that they were the daughters of _Melpomene_, and metamorphosed
into the shape of man and bird by _Ceres_.
And therefore these pieces so common among us, do rather derive their
original, or are indeed the very description of _Dagon_[SN: _Dagon the
Idol, of what form._]; which was made with human figure above, and fishy
shape below; whose stump, or as _Tremellius_ and our margin renders it,
whose fishy part only remained, when the hands and upper part fell
before the Ark. [SN: 1 Sam. 5.] Of the shape of _Artergates_, or
_Derceto_ with the _Phœnitians_; in whose fishy and feminine mixture,
as some conceive, were implied the Moon and the Sea, or the Deity of the
waters; and therefore, in their sacrifices, they made oblations of
fishes. From whence were probably occasioned the Pictures of _Nereides_
and _Tritons_ among the _Grecians_, and such as we read in _Macrobius_,
to have been placed on the top of the Temple of _Saturn_.
We are unwilling to question the Royal Supporters of _England_, that is,
the approved descriptions of the Lion and the Unicorn. Although, if in
the Lion, the position of the pizel be proper, and that the natural
situation; it will be hard to make out their retro-copulation, or their
coupling and pissing backward, according to the determination of
_Aristotle_; All that urine backward do copulate πυγηδὸν _clunatim_, or
aversly, as Lions, Hares, Linxes.
As for the Unicorn, if it have the head of a Deer, and the tail of a
Boar, as _Vartomannus_ describeth it, how agreeable it is to this
picture every eye may discern. If it be made bisulcous or cloven footed,
it agreeth unto the description of _Vartommanus_, but scarce of any
other; and _Aristotle_ supposeth that such as divide the hoof, do also
double the horn; they being both of the same nature, and admitting
division together. And lastly if the horn have this situation and be so
forwardly affixed, as is described, it will not be easily conceived, how
it can feed from the ground; and therefore we observe, that Nature in
other cornigerous animals, hath placed the horns higher and reclining,
as in Bucks; in some inverted upwards, as in the Rhinoceros, the
_Indian_ Ass, and Unicornous Beetles; and thus have some affirmed it is
seated in this animal.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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