705 _i.e._ the individual souls; by using this term, derived from the Neo‐Platonists and Iamblichus, Julian implies that there is an indivisible world soul; cf. Plotinus 4. 8. 8 ἡ μὲν ὅλη (ψυχὴ) ... αἱ δὲ ἑν μέρει γενόμεναι. 706 _Odyssey_ 11, 303; Philo Judaeus, _De Decalogo_ 2. 190, τόν τε οὐρανὸν εἰς ἡμισφαίρια τῷ λόγῳ διχῇ διανείμαντες, τὸ μὲν ὑπὲρ γῆς τὸ δ᾽ ὑπὸ γῆς, Διοσκούρους ἐκάλεσαν τὸ περὶ τῆς ἑτερημέρου ζωῆς αὐτῶν προστερατευσάμενοι διήγημα. 707 κενὸν Hertlein suggests, καινὸν Mb, κοινὸν MSS. 708 _Timaeus_ 37 C; when the Creator had made the universe, he invented Time as an attribute of “divided substance.” 709 For Julian’s debt to Iamblichus cf. 150 D, 157 B, C. 710 Kronos, Zeus, Ares, Helios, Aphrodite, Hermes, Selene are the seven planets; cf. 149 D. Though Helios guides the others he is counted with them. 711 _i.e._ the fixed stars; cf. Iamblichus, _Theologumena arithmeticae_ 56. 4 ἡ περιέχουσα τὰ πάντα σφαῖρα ὀγδόη, “the eighth sphere that encompasses all the rest.” 712 The Graces are often associated with Spring; Julian seems to be describing obscurely the annual course of the sun. 713 Necessity played an important part in the cult of Mithras and was sometimes identified with the constellation Virgo who holds the scales of Justice. 714 For the adoption of the Dioscuri into the Mithraic cult see Cumont. Julian does not give his own view, though he rejects that of the later Greek astronomers. Macrobius, _Saturnalia_ 1. 21. 22 identifies them with the sun. 715 _i.e._ the torrid zone. On the equator in the winter months shadows fall due north at noon, in the summer months due south; this is more or less true of the whole torrid zone; cf. ἀμφίσκιος which has the same meaning. 716 _Iliad_ 14. 246. 717 For the affectation of mystery cf. 152 B, 159 A, 172 D. 718 δὴ Hertlein suggests, δὲ MSS. 719 Plutarch, _Demosthenes_ 4, quotes this phrase as peculiarly Platonic; cf. Plato, _Laws_ 676 A. 720 cf. 143 B and note. 721 χαριτοδότης Spanheim, χαριδότης Hertlein, MSS. 722 ἁδρᾷ Hertlein suggests, ἀνδρῶν MSS. 723 ἐπιτροπεύει Wright, ἐπιτροπεύουσι Hertlein, MSS lacuna Petavius. 724 Literally “life‐bringer,” Aristotle’s phrase for the zodiac. 725 cf. Zeller, _Philosophie der Griechen_ III. 2, p. 753, notes. 726 There is a play on the word κύκλος, which means both “sphere” and “circle.” 727 The Egyptian sun‐god, whose worship was introduced first into Greece and later at Rome. 728 Athene as goddess of Forethought was worshipped at Delphi, but her earlier epithet was προναία “whose statue is in front of the temple”; cf. Aeschylus, _Eumenides_ 21, Herodotus 8. 37; late writers often confuse these forms. Julian applies the epithet πρόνοια to the mother of the gods 179 A, and to Prometheus 182 D; cf. 131 C.