541 Better known by its Latin name Saturnalia. Saturn is the Greek Kronos. 542 φασί Cobet, lacuna V., Hertlein, ἐπιδείξει MSS. 543 _i.e._ not a fable with a moral nor an animal fable. 544 αὐτοὺς Hertlein suspects to be an interpolation. 545 Cf. Plato, _Phaedrus_ 247 B. 546 _Odyssey_ 6. 42. 547 ἐκαθεζέσθην Hertlein suggests, ἐκαθέζετον V., ἐκαθεζέτην MSS. 548 Cf. _Oration_ 4. 149 B, 154 D. 549 Cf. Martial 8. 51. 5: “Vera minus flavo radiant electra metallo”; it is often uncertain whether electron means amber, or a combination of 4/5 gold and 1/5 silver. 550 χαριτοδότην Spanheim, cf. 148 D, χαριδότην Hertlein, MSS. 551 This is not in our Homer, but Julian may have in mind _Iliad_ 11. 76. 552 συνεκεκρότητο Hertlein suggests, συνεκροτεῖτο MSS. 553 ἀπαντώντων Spanheim, πάντων Hertlein, MSS. 554 Silenus is usually represented as bald. 555 Suetonius, _Augustus_ 16. 556 The Stoic philosopher. 557 Julian probably alludes to the influence on Augustus of Athenodorus the Stoic. 558 A deity among the Thracians, who according to one tradition had been a slave of Pythagoras; cf. Herodotus 4. 94; Plato, _Charmides_ 156 D; Julian 8. 244 A. 559 Cf. Plato, _Gorgias_ 525 D, E; _Republic_ 611 C; Tacitus, _Annals_ 6. 6; Lucian, _Cataplus_ 27. 560 _Odyssey_ 16. 181; there is a play on the word πάροιθεν which means also “in front.” 561 Δήμου Cobet, δήμου Hertlein, MSS., Δημοσθένους Spanheim. 562 _i.e._ Seleucus; cf. Suetonius, _Tiberius_ 56, 70. 563 Suetonius, _Tiberius_ 60. 564 Caligula. 565 _Knights_ 1111 foll. 566 Their riches were proverbial, cf. Juvenal 1. 109; 14. 32. 567 Tacitus, _Annals_ 11. 12; Juvenal 10. 330 foll. 568 τὸ σμῆνος Hertlein suggests, τὸν δῆμον MSS. 569 An allusion partly to the smoke of civil war, partly to the burning of the temple of Jupiter Capitoline under Vitellius; the temple was restored by Vespasian; Tacitus, _Annals_ 4. 81. 570 Titus. 571 Domitian. 572 Phalaris of Agrigentum. 573 Nerva. 574 ἵστασθαι Cobet, ἵπτασθαι Hertlein, MSS. 575 Hadrian. 576 Antoninus Pius. 577 A proverb for niggardliness; cf. Theocritus 10. 50. 578 Verus was the family name of Marcus Aurelius. 579 Lucius Verus. 580 Commodus. 581 Faustina. 582 καὶ before κολαστικός Hertlein suggests. 583 παιδάρια Cobet, MSS., παιδαρίδια Hertlein, V., m. 584 εἶπεν Hertlein suggests, ἐπεῖπεν MSS. 585 Geta. 586 Caracalla. 587 Heliogabalus; cf. _Oration_ 4. 150 D, note. 588 Alexander Severus was assassinated in 235 A.D. 589 Mammaea. 590 Valerian died in captivity among the Persians. 591 Euripides, _Phoenissae_ 120. 592 Slightly altered from _Iliad_ 2. 872. 593 Cf. _Oration_ 1. 6 D. 594 Cf. _Oration_ 4. 155 B.