I. 1. NONE who believes the scriptures to be the word of God, can doubt the _importance_ of such a truth as this: a truth revealed therein, not once only, not obscurely, not incidentally; but frequently, and that in express terms; but solemnly and of set purpose, as denoting one of the peculiar privileges of the children of God. 2. And it is the more necessary to explain and defend this truth, because there is a danger on the right hand and on the left. If we deny it, there is a danger lest our religion degenerate into mere formality: lest _having a form of godliness_, we neglect, if not _deny the power of it_. If we allow it, but do not understand what we allow, we are liable to run into all the wildness of enthusiasm. It is therefore needful in the highest degree, to guard those who fear God from both these dangers, by a scriptural and rational illustration and confirmation of this momentous truth. 3. It may seem, something of this kind is the more needful, because so little has been wrote on the subject with any clearness: unless some discourses on the wrong side of the question, which explain it quite away. And it cannot be doubted, but these were occasioned, at least in great measure, by the crude, unscriptural, irrational explication of others, who _knew not what they spake, nor whereof they affirmed_. 4. It more nearly concerns the _Methodists_, so called, clearly to understand, explain and defend this doctrine, because it is one grand part of the testimony, which God has given them to bear to all mankind. It is by his peculiar blessing upon them in searching the scriptures, confirmed by the experience of his children, that this great evangelical truth has been recovered, which had been for many years well nigh lost and forgotten. II. 1. But what is _the witness of the Spirit_? The original word μαρτυρία, may be rendered either, (as it is in several places,) _the witness_, or less ambiguously, _the testimony_ or _the record_: so it is rendered in our translation, _1 John_ v. 11. _This is the record_ (the testimony, the sum of what God testifies in all the inspired writings) _that God hath given unto us eternal life, and this life is in his Son_. The testimony now under consideration is given by the Spirit of God to and with our spirit. He is the person testifying. What he testifies to us is, _that we are the children of God_. The immediate result of this testimony, is _the fruit of the Spirit_; namely, _love_, _joy_, _peace_, _long-suffering_, _gentleness_, _goodness_. And without these the testimony itself cannot continue. For it is inevitably destroyed, not only by the commission of any outward sin, or the omission of known duty, but by giving way to any inward sin: in a word, by whatever grieves the Holy Spirit of God.