But we have much more than primitive example for our bishop of _Winchester_: the doctrine and laws of the church have unanimously from age to age, to the very council of _Trent_, required every bishop to be of the same spirit of which we have supposed him. The church, both by the doctrine of fathers, and the canons of councils, constantly maintains; _First_, that the clergy are not proprietors, but barely stewards of the benefices they enjoy: having them for no other end, but for their own necessary, frugal subsistence, and the relief of the poor.¹ _Secondly_, that a clergyman using his benefice for his _own indulgence_, or the enriching his _own family_, is guilty of sacrilege, and is a robber and murderer of the poor.² _Thirdly_, that if a clergyman has a reasonable subsistence of his own, and is not in the state of the poor, then let his benefice be what it will, he has no right to use any part of it for himself, nor for his kindred, unless they be fit to be considered among those poor that are to be relieved by the church.³ _Fourthly_, that every bishop and clergyman is to live in an humble, frugal, outward state of life, seeking for no honour or dignity in the world, but that which arises from the distinction and lustre of his virtues.⁴ _Fifthly_, that a beneficed clergyman using the goods of the church for his own indulgence, or raising fortunes for his children, or their expensive education, is sacrilegious, and a robber of the poor.⁵ _Sixthly_, that every clergyman is to die out of the church as poor as he entered into it.⁶ _Seventhly_, that a clergyman dying, cannot leave or bequeath any thing to his children or friends, but barely that which he had independently of the church.⁷ ¹ Nihil ecclesia nisi Fidem possidet.――Possessio ecclesiæ est Egenorum sumptus, _Ambrose, Epistle 31_. ² Si Pauperum Compauperes sumus, & _nostra_ sunt, & _illorum_. Si autem privatim quæ nobis sufficiunt, possidemus, non sunt illa _nostrum_, sed Pauperum _Procurationem_ gerimus, non Proprietatem nobis Usurpatione damnabili vindicamus, _Augustine Epistle 50 to Boniface._ ³ Quoniam quicquid habent Clerici, Pauperum est――Qui bonis Parentum & opibus sustentari possent, si quod Pauperum est, accipiunt, _Sacrilegium profecto_ committunt, & per Abusionem Talium, Judicium sibi manducant, & bibunt, _Hieronymus, Epistle to Pope Damasus_. ⁴ Episcopus vilem _Suppellectilem_, & _Mensam_, ac _Victum Pauperem_, habeat, & Dignitatis, sua Authoritatum Fide & Vitæ meritis quærat, _Council of Carthage_, 4. ⁵ Memento quod _Pauperem Vitam_ Sacerdos gerere debet, & ideo si superbiam habet, si magno gaudet Beneficio, præter victum & vestitum _quod sperest_, Pauperibus dare non differat, quia omnia _pauperum_ sunt. _Augustine, Sermon 37 to the Brethren_.