The Socialist and a good many others who are great on asking questions will find a few here that are well answered in a fair way. Would the common people of Europe have declared war? Have the peoples of Europe definitely accepted monarchy, or is republicanism a force to be reckoned with? If one side forced the other side to disarm, would this partial disarmament make for total disarmament, or would it make for a war of revenge? And many other questions of a similar nature. A large part of the material utilized by the author, has appeared, under his editorship in The New Review. The Socialists believe that war should be ended immediately, or when the present European war becomes a “draw.” =Defenseless America.= By HUDSON MAXIM. New York: Hearst’s International Library Company. 1915. Price, $2.00, pp. 318. This volume has been named “A call to arms against War.” A phalanx of facts are presented upon the defenseless condition of this country. After reading this volume we seem to be as helpless as a new-born baby. As a fact we are a new born country. The United States is the youngest of the family of nations, but nevertheless we are a lusty youngster. It is a fact that self-preservation is the first law of nature. Self-preservation should also be the first law of nations. Is that the case in this country? Upon this subject Mr. Maxim has written this interesting volume. Every person has a right to his own opinions, and he also has a right to have such opinions as he thinks are right. That is an undisputed privilege. Many think that the United States is well enough prepared, while on the other hand many think that this Government is in a precarious condition on account of its lack of defensive material. Mr. Maxim in accordance with the title of his book holds the latter view. According to his first chapter, any statement against heavier national armament is a dangerous preachment. Ernest Haeckle has said that there is nothing constant but change. He might have said also that there is a no more consistent thing in its constancy than human inconsistency. And Herbert Spencer rightfully said that, as he grew older, the more and more he realized the extent to which mankind is governed by irrationality. Billings was probably right when he said, “It is not so much the ignorance of men that makes them ridiculous as what they know that is not so.” =German Philosophy and Politics.= By JOHN DEWEY, Professor of Philosophy in Columbia University. New York, 1915. Henry Holt & Co. Price, $1.25 net, pp. 134.