╭————————^————————╮ ╭————————^————————╮ _e_ ‿ _f_———_g_———_a_———_b_ ‿ _c_———_d_———_e_ * x Therefore two complete tetrachords, but _disjunct_. It is plainly to be seen that he wanted a fifth to the _f_, to make his scheme of fifths perfect. It was a marked advance. The doings of Pythagoras with the monochord though of great interest, need not be told here, as they belong to another branch of investigation, to be treated subsequently. Ion of Chios, about 430 B.C., enlarged the scale of the lyre to ten sounds, and was the author of the Conjunct or Lesser System complete. It consisted of three tetrachords conjoined and one note added, to complete the octave below, from _mese_ the middle note _a_. Greek names would bewilder, and it will be the best plan to keep to the method of distinguishing the notes by letters. 3 1 2 ╭———————^————————╮╭————————^——————-╮╭—————————^————————-╮ _a_———_b_ ‿ _c_———_d_———_e_ ‿ _f_———_g_———_a_ ‿ _b_♭———_c_———_d_ * Notice the return to the Terpander scale with the _b_ flat. I have seen the addition of the three notes below _e_ attributed to Terpander, but considering the period the statement is not convincing. The eleven notes here given may possibly be those of the Lesbian lyre of Timotheus the celebrated poet-musician who according to Pausanias excited the Spartan censure (mentioned page 312 ante), by his eleven strings. The low _a_ first seen in the system was called the _proslambanomenos_, meaning a note taken into the scale to complete the octave. This was the state at which after two hundred years the Greek scale had arrived. After Ion there came a period of controversy. Archytas, 400 B.C., challenged the Pythagorean third, which was extremely sharp, and he was the first to shew that _c_——_e_ should bear the ratio 5/4. Aristoxenus 350-320 B.C., a pupil of Aristotle, disavowed the whole Pythagorean scheme, and the philosophers ranged themselves in two opposing schools, the Pythagoreans who determined intervals by proportional numbers, and the Aristoxenians who relied upon the judgment of the ear. Somewhere in the period embraced by the lives of Ion and Aristoxenus, for it was a period of high intellectual activity with the Greeks (Sophocles, Pericles, Plato, Aristotle and other famous men were living), somewhere we have to place the Disjunct, or Greater System Complete. It consists of fifteen notes,— 3 1 ╭———————-^——————-╮╭————————^————————╮ _a_———_b_ ‿ _c_———_d_———_e_ ‿ _f_———_g_———_a_ * 2 4 ╭————————^———————╮╭————————^———————-╮ ———_b_ ‿ _c_———_d_———_e_ ‿ _f_———_g_———_a_