The World-Struggle for OilL'Espagnol de la Tramerye, Pierre Paul Ernest
History
The World-Struggle for Oil
L'Espagnol de la Tramerye, Pierre Paul Ernest
Petroleum; Petroleum industry and trade; War -- Economic aspects
The French Government recognized somewhat tardily the mistakes which
it had committed, and, when Mr. Bedford came to Paris in the autumn
to found the _Standard Franco-Américaine_, it allowed M. Jules Cambon
to accept the presidency. To get round the eviction order which has
been served upon them in the Near East and the French colonial empire,
the United States adopted the ingenious method of founding a French
company, which will have just as good a right as the _Société pour
l'Exploitation des Pétroles_ to share in any concessions reserved to
France. Abandoning the high-handed policy, which played the game of its
opponents, the _Standard_, upon the advice of Walter Teagle, decided
to employ the insinuating methods of the Anglo-Dutch trust. In France,
the _Royal Dutch_ relied upon the _Banque de l'Union Parisienne_, the
_Banque Bénard_, the _Banque Rothschild_, and also, it is said, the
_Crédit Lyonnais_. The _Anglo-Persian_ had the support of the _Banque
Transatlantique_ and the _Banque de la Seine_. The _Standard_ now
allied itself with the _Banque de Paris_, the most powerful of the
commercial banks in Europe.
51 per cent. of the capital of the _Standard Franco-Américaine_
(20 million francs) was subscribed by the _Banque de Paris et des
Pays-Bas_, and 49 per cent. by the American Trust. And in the
constitution of the Board, the _Standard_ acted much more prudently
than the _Royal Dutch_: five out of eight directors were French.
Mr. Bedford, the actual head of the _Standard Oil_, went so far as to
content himself with the vice-presidency, leaving the first place to a
Frenchman.
The establishment of the _Standard Franco-Américaine_ at this time
was the more hazardous because M. Laurent Eynac, taking up the former
Klotz-Bérenger program, was working for a definite State monopoly of
the purchase and importation of oil. But the French market is of such
importance to the _Standard Oil_ in its struggle with the _Royal Dutch_
that it preferred to take all the risks. "France," Mr. Bedford said,
"on account of its geographical situation, is naturally a field for
competition among all great companies." The _Standard_ desires to have
its place there. It proposes to resuscitate the refining industry,
which has almost passed out of existence, and set up great warehouses
in the ports to receive the crude oil; and it would even go to the
length of installing special reservoirs of petrol for supplying motor
vehicles in the neighbourhood of the municipal toll-houses.
Events have turned in its favour, for the idea of monopoly is to-day
thoroughly discredited in France. M. Laurent Eynac was obliged
hurriedly to withdraw his proposal owing to the commotion which it
aroused. An extremely violent Press campaign broke out, and the
political and diplomatic dangers of the San Remo Agreement became plain
to every eye.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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