Apologetics -- History -- Early church, ca. 30-600; Celsus (Platonic philosopher), active 180; Theology -- History -- Early Church, ca. 30-600
6. And now, to confirm the deductions of reason by the authority of
Scripture—viz. that it is our own doing whether we live rightly or not,
and that we are not compelled, either by those causes which come to us
from without, or, as some think, by the presence of fate—we adduce the
testimony of the prophet Micah, in these words: “If it has been
announced to thee, O man, what is good, or what the Lord requires of
thee, except that thou shouldst do justice, and love mercy, and be ready
to walk with the Lord thy God.”[384] Moses also speaks as follows: “I
have placed before thy face the way of life and the way of death: choose
what is good, and walk in it.”[385] Isaiah, moreover, makes this
declaration: “If you are willing, and hear me, ye shall eat the good of
the land. But if you be unwilling, and will not hear me, the sword shall
consume you; for the mouth of the Lord has spoken this.”[386] In the
psalm, too, it is written: “If my people had heard me, if Israel had
walked in my ways, I would have humbled her enemies to nothing;”[387] by
which he shows that it was in the power of the people to hear, and to
walk in the ways of God. The Saviour also saying, “I say unto you,
Resist not evil;”[388] and, “Whoever shall be angry with his brother,
shall be in danger of the judgment;”[389] and, “Whosoever shall look
upon a woman to lust after her, hath already committed adultery with her
in his heart;”[390] and in issuing certain other commands,—conveys no
other meaning than this, that it is in our own power to observe what is
commanded. And therefore we are rightly rendered liable to condemnation
if we transgress those commandments which we are able to keep. And hence
He Himself also declares: “Every one who hears my words, and doeth them,
I will show to whom he is like: he is like a wise man who built his
house upon a rock,” etc.[391] So also the declaration: “Whoso heareth
these things, and doeth them not, is like a foolish man, who built his
house upon the sand,” etc.[392] Even the words addressed to those who
are on His right hand, “Come unto me, all ye blessed of my Father,”
etc.; “for I was an hungered, and ye gave me to eat; I was thirsty, and
ye gave me drink,”[393] manifestly show that it depended upon
themselves, that either these should be deserving of praise for doing
what was commanded and receiving what was promised, or those deserving
of censure who either heard or received the contrary, and to whom it was
said, “Depart, ye cursed, into everlasting fire.” Let us observe also,
that the Apostle Paul addresses us as having power over our own will,
and as possessing in ourselves the causes either of our salvation or of
our ruin: “Dost thou despise the riches of His goodness, and of His
patience, and of His long-suffering, not knowing that the goodness of
God leadeth thee to repentance? But, according to thy hardness and
impenitent heart, thou art treasuring up for thyself wrath on the day of
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