Apologetics -- History -- Early church, ca. 30-600; Celsus (Platonic philosopher), active 180; Theology -- History -- Early Church, ca. 30-600
Cf. Eccles. i. 9. The text is in conformity with the Septuag.: Τί τὸ
γεγονός; Αὐτὸ τὸ γενησόμενον. Καὶ τί τὸ πεποιημένον; Αὐτὸ τὸ
ποιηθησόμενον. Καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν πᾶν πρόσφατον ὑπὸ τὸν ἥλιον. Ὃς λαλήσει
καὶ ἐρεῖ· Ἴδε τοῦτο καινόν ἐστιν, ἤδη γέγονεν ἐν τοῖς αἰῶσιν τοῖς
γενομένοις ἀπὸ ἔμπροσθεν ἡμῶν.
Footnote 732:
Sæcula.
Footnote 733:
Matt. xxiv. 21.
Footnote 734:
Eph. i. 4.
Footnote 735:
The following is Jerome’s version of this passage (Epistle to Avitus):
“A divine habitation, and a true rest above (_apud superos_), I think
is to be understood, where rational creatures dwelt, and where, before
their descent to a lower position, and removal from invisible to
visible [worlds], and fall to earth, and need of gross bodies, they
enjoyed a former blessedness. Whence God the Creator made for them
bodies suitable to their humble position, and created this visible
world, and sent into the world ministers for the salvation and
correction of those who had fallen: of whom some were to obtain
certain localities, and be subject to the necessities of the world;
others were to discharge with care and attention the duties enjoined
upon them at all times, and which were known to God, the Arranger [of
all things]. And of these, the sun, moon, and stars, which are called
‘creature’ by the apostle, received the more elevated places of the
world. Which ‘creature’ was made subject to vanity, in that it was
clothed with gross bodies, and was open to view; and yet was subject
to vanity, not voluntarily, but because of the will of Him who
subjected the same in hope.” And again: “While others, whom we believe
to be angels, at different places and times, which the Arranger alone
knows, serve the government of the world.” And a little further on:
“Which order of things is regulated by the providential government of
the whole world; some powers falling down from a loftier position,
others gradually sinking to earth: some falling voluntarily, others
being cast down against their will: some undertaking, of their own
accord, the service of stretching out the hand to those who fall;
others being compelled to persevere for so long a time in the duty
which they have undertaken.” And again: “Whence it follows that, on
account of the various movements, various worlds also are created; and
after this world which we now inhabit, there will be another greatly
dissimilar. But no other being save God alone, the Creator of all
things, can arrange the deserts [of all], both to the time to come and
to that which preceded, suitably to the differing lapses and advances
[of individuals], and to the rewards of virtues or the punishment of
vices, both in the present and in the future, and in all [times], and
to conduct them all again to one end: for He knows the causes why He
allows some to enjoy their own will, and to fall from a higher rank to
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