Apologetics -- History -- Early church, ca. 30-600; Celsus (Platonic philosopher), active 180; Theology -- History -- Early Church, ca. 30-600
But we wish to show that His instantaneous bodily disappearance from the
cross was not better fitted to serve the purposes of the whole economy
of salvation [than His remaining upon it was]. For the mere letter and
narrative of the events which happened to Jesus do not present the whole
view of the truth. For each one of them can be shown, to those who have
an intelligent apprehension of Scripture, to be a symbol of something
else. Accordingly, as His crucifixion contains a truth, represented in
the words, “I am crucified with Christ,” and intimated also in these,
“God forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of our Lord Jesus
Christ, by whom the world is crucified to me, and I unto the
world;”[198] and as His death was necessary, because of the statement,
“For in that He died, He died unto sin once,”[199] and this, “Being made
conformable to His death,”[200] and this, “For if we be dead with Him,
we shall also live with Him:”[201] so also His burial has an application
to those who have been made conformable to His death, who have been both
crucified with Him, and have died with Him; as is declared by Paul, “For
we were buried with Him by baptism, and have also risen with Him.”[202]
These matters, however, which relate to His burial, and his sepulchre,
and him who buried Him, we shall expound at greater length on a more
suitable occasion, when it will be our professed purpose to treat of
such things. But, for the present, it is sufficient to notice the clean
linen in which the pure body of Jesus was to be enwrapped, and the new
tomb which Joseph had hewn out of the rock, where “no one was yet
lying,”[203] or, as John expresses it, “wherein was never man yet
laid.”[204] And observe whether the harmony of the three evangelists
here is not fitted to make an impression: for they have thought it right
to describe the tomb as one that was “quarried or hewn out of the rock;”
so that he who examines the words of the narrative may see something
worthy of consideration, both in them and in the _newness_ of the
tomb,—a point mentioned by Matthew and John,[205]—and in the statement
of Luke and John,[206] that no one had ever been interred therein
before. For it became Him, who was unlike other dead men (but who even
in death manifested signs of life in the water and the blood), and who
was, so to speak, a _new_ dead man, to be laid in a new and clean tomb,
in order that, as His birth was purer than any other (in consequence of
His being born, not in the way of ordinary generation, but of a virgin),
His burial also might have the purity symbolically indicated in His body
being deposited in a sepulchre which was new, not built of stones
gathered from various quarters, and having no natural unity, but
quarried and hewed out of _one_ rock, united together in all its parts.
Regarding the explanation, however, of these points, and the method of
ascending from the narratives themselves to the things which they
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