The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. 9 (of 9): Being His Autobiography, Correspondence, Reports, Messages, Addresses, and Other Writings, Official and PrivateJefferson, Thomas
History
The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. 9 (of 9): Being His Autobiography, Correspondence, Reports, Messages, Addresses, and Other Writings, Official and Private
Jefferson, Thomas
United States -- Politics and government -- 1775-1783; United States -- Politics and government -- 1783-1865
Suppose an amendment moved to a motion for the previous question? Answer:
The previous question cannot be amended. Parliamentary usage, as well
as the 9th rule of the Senate, has fixed its form to be, "Shall the
main question be now put?" _i. e._, at this instant. And as the present
instant is but one, it can admit of no modification. To change it to
to-morrow, or any other moment, is without example and without utility.
But suppose a motion to amend a motion for postponement, as to one day
instead of another, or to a special instead of indefinite time. The
useful character of amendment gives it a privilege of attaching itself to
a secondary privileged motion. That is, we may amend a postponement of
a main question. So we may amend a commitment of a main question, as by
adding, for example, "with instruction to inquire," &c. In like manner,
if an amendment be moved to an amendment, it is admitted. But it would
not be admitted in another degree, to wit, to amend an amendment to an
amendment of a main question. This would lead to too much embarrassment.
The line must be drawn somewhere; and usage has drawn it after the
amendment to the amendment. The same result must be sought by deciding
against the amendment to the amendment, and then moving it again as it
was wished to be amended. In this form it becomes only an amendment to
an amendment.
_In filling a blank with a sum, the largest sum shall be first put to
the question, by the 18th Rule of the Senate_, contrary to the rule of
Parliament, which privileges the smallest sum and longest time.--5 _Grey_,
179; 2 _Hats._ 8, 83; 3 _Hats._ 132, 133. And this is considered to be
not in the form of an amendment to the question, but as alternative or
successive originals. In all cases of time or number, we must consider
whether the larger comprehends the lesser, as in a question to what day
a postponement shall be, the number of a committee, amount of a fine,
term of an imprisonment, term of irredeemability of a loan, or the
_terminus in quem_ in any other case. Then the question must begin _a
maximo_. Or whether the lesser includes the greater, as in question on
the limitation of the rate of interest, on what day the session shall
be closed by adjournment, on what day the next shall commence, when an
act shall commence, or the _terminus a quo_ in any other case, where
the question must begin _a minimo_. The object being not to begin at
that extreme, which, and more, being within every man's wish, no one
could negative it, and yet, if we should vote in the affirmative, every
question for more would be precluded; but at that extreme which would
unite few, and then to advance or recede till you get to a number which
will unite a bare majority.--3 _Grey_, 376, 384, 385. "The fair question
in this case is not that to which and more all will agree, whether there
shall be addition to the question."--1 _Grey_, 365.
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