[69] In the year 1855 the _Wisconsin Banner_ and the _Volksfreund_ were united and became the _Wisconsin Banner und Volksfreund_. [70] “Fifteen participators in the lynching affair were indicted and tried for the murder of DeBar in May, 1856. They were acquitted, as the testimony did not sustain the allegation that ‘he came to his death by hanging,’ _there being a reasonable doubt as to his being alive when he was hung the last time_.” _History of Washington and Ozaukee Counties_ (1881), 358. Editor’s italics. [71] See a brilliant editorial by Colonel David Atwood, in the _Daily State Journal_ at Madison, for August 13, 1855. [72] See the article in _Banner und Volksfreund_, July 28, 1855, entitled “The So-Called Republicans:” “We encounter in the _Watertown Anzeiger_ the following appropriate article concerning the so-called Republican (vulgarly Shanghai) party, by which so many Germans were duped at the last election and which expects to repeat the same swindling tactics in the approaching election.” (Translation). The election of Coles Bashford as governor was due in part to German votes. [73] “The temperance swindle,” says _Banner und Volksfreund_, October 16, 1855, “is an outflow of Puritan bigotry and comports with other of their pious pretensions, for example, such a rigorous observance of the Sabbath as will reduce all sociability to the condition of a Puritan graveyard. For this sort of thing, also, is the Republican party the fruitful soil. The Know-Nothings harmonize, in these matters, with the Republicans.” [74] Success was to render it practically as cosmopolitan as a protracted career of triumphs had long since rendered the Democratic party. [75] The Chicago and Northwestern. It follows in the sector south of Muscoda the old military road from Fort Winnebago to Fort Crawford. Towns taking some of Muscoda’s former trade are Montfort, Fennimore, and Cobb. [76] _Wisconsin Magazine of History_, III, 352. [77] _Wisconsin Historical Collections_, I, 38, 41. [78] _Wis. Hist. Colls._ XVIII, 263-64. [79] Featherstonhaugh was obviously in error in calling that stopping place Prairie de la Bay. The context shows it must have been English Prairie. See his _A Canoe Voyage on the Minnay Sotor_, I, 199-201. [80] _Wis. Hist. Colls._ XIV, 147. [81] The Portage canal was begun in 1836 by a private company. Its completion was promised in 1837. See Governor Dodge’s message to the Legislative Assembly, Belmont, Oct. 26, 1836. [82] Ox-teams owned by Illinois farmers. [83] Hamilton went to California during the gold rush, finding, however, not a fortune but an untimely grave. [84] See Abel, Henry I. Geographical, Geological, and Statistical Chart of Wisconsin and Iowa, Phila. 1838. The fare for passengers from St. Louis to Helena (it was doubtless the same to Savannah) was in the cabin from $10 to $15 and on the deck from $2 to $4. [85] Smith, William R., _Observations_, 44.