2. They were the first in their production, and are known as the _idam-prathama_—or the first class in their birth, whose long practice in a course of virtuous actions in prior states, has secured to them the property of goodness—_satva-guna_ only. (These are the holy saints and sages, who are entitled to their liberation in life time, and upon separation from their bodies). 3. The second grade is called the _guna pívari_ or state of sound qualities, which is attained by the prosperous, and leads them to meritorious deeds, to the acquisition of their desired objects, and their right dealing in the affairs of the world. (This meritorious state becomes entitled to liberation after some births in this earth). 4. The third grade is termed the _sasatwá_, or the state of substantiality of men of substance. It is attended with like results, proportioned to the righteous and unrighteous acts of men, who may obtain their liberation after a hundred transmigrations of their souls on earth. 5 & 6. The fourth grade comprises infatuated people called _atyanta támasi_, who are addicted to their varying desires in this changeful world, and come to the knowledge of truth, after passing a thousand lives in ignorance and sin, and suffering the effects proportionate to their good or evil deeds. 7. The fifth grade is composed of men of a baser nature, called _adhama-satwá_ by the wise, and who may possibly have their liberation, after a course of numberless births in different shapes and forms. 8. The sixth grade is composed of those extremely benighted men (atyanta támasi), who are doubtful of their liberation (_Sandigdha-moksha_), and continue in the vicious course of their past lives. 9. Those who after passing two or three previous births in other states, are born afterwards with the quality of gentleness, these are reckoned as the seventh grade, and are denominated the Rájashi—gentry or gentility. 10. Those who remain mindful of their duties, and are employed in discharge of them in this state of life; are said by the wise to be entitled to their liberation, soon after their demise. 11. Those among the Rájashi—gentility, whose acts are commensurate with those of gentlemen and the nobility, are included in the eighth class, and are called _Rája Sátwiki_—or noble gentlemen; and are entitled to their liberation after a few births on earth. 12. The ninth class comprises the _rája-rájashi_ or right gentlemen, whose actions conform with their title, and who obtain their long longed-for liberation, after a course of hundred births in the same state. 13. The next or tenth class is composed of the _rájatámasí_ or blinded gentry, who act foolishly under their infatuation; and who are uncertain of their liberation, even after a thousand births. 14. The most giddy of this class is called _atyanta-rája-tamashi_, or the excessively infatuated gentry, whose conduct in life correspond with their name, and whose transmigration does not cease at any time.