20. The reliance which is placed in things seen in a dream, after one wakes from his sleep, is called his waking dream, and lasting in its remembrance only in his mind. (Such is the reliance in divine inspirations and prophetic dreams which come to be fulfilled). 21. A thing long unseen and appearing dimly with a stalwart figure in the dream, if taken for a real thing of the waking state, is called also a waking dream. (As that of Brutus on his seeing the stalwart figure of Cæsar). 22. A dream dreamt either in the whole body or dead body of the dreamer, appears as a phantom of the waking state: (as a living old man remembers his past youthful person, and a departed soul viewing the body it has left behind). 23. Besides these six states, there is a torpid—jada state of the living soul, which is called his _sushupta_—hypnotism or sound sleep, and is capable of feeling its future pleasures and pains. (The soul retains even in this torpid state, the self-consciousness of its merit and demerit (as impressions—_sanskáras_ in itself, and the sense of the consequent bliss or misery, which is to attend upon it)). 24. In this last state of the soul or mind, all outward objects from a straw up to a mountain, appear as mere atoms of dust in its presence; as the mind views the miniature of the world in profound meditation. 25. I have thus told you Ráma, the features of true knowledge and error in brief, but each of these states branches out into a hundred forms, with various traits of their own. 26. A long continued waking dream is accounted as the waking state—_jágrat_, and it becomes diversified according to the diversity of its objects. (_i.e._ Waking is but a continued dreaming). 27. The waking state contains under it the conditions of the wakeful soul of God; also there are many things under these conditions which mislead men from one error to another; as a storm casts the boats into whirlpools and eddies. 28. Some of the lengthened dreams in sleep, appear as the waking sight of day light; while others though seen in the broad day-light of the waking state, are no better than night-dreams seen in the day time, and are thence called our day dreams. 29. I have thus far related to you the seven grades of the grounds of ignorance, which with all their varieties, are to be carefully avoided by the right use of our reason, and by the sight of the Supreme soul in our-selves. CHAPTER CXVIII. DIRECTIONS TO THE STAGES OF KNOWLEDGE. Argument. Definitions of the seven Grounds of Knowledge, together with that of Adepts—_árúdhasin_ in Yoga, and also of Liberation. Vasishtha continued:—O sinless Ráma, attend now to the sevenfold stages of cognoscence, by the knowledge of which you will no more plunge into the mire of ignorance.