Calhoun, John C.: rupture with Jackson, resignation from Vice-Presidency, 86; position concerning tariff in 1816, 89; position as a nullifier, 96; introduces nullification resolutions, 103; threatened with hanging, 104; arranges compromise with Clay, 106; subsequent quarrel with Clay concerning this, 110; his purposes at this time, 111; assails Jackson, 132; opposes Webster's bill for rechartering bank, 133; on the expunging resolution, 141; proposes constitutional amendment for distribution of Treasury surplus, 144; opposes appropriating Treasury surplus for fortifications, 146; attack on President Pierce, 166; his honesty, 168; on admission of Texas 180; in connection with trouble with Mexico, 260; on the Oregon question, 285; instrumental in election of Polk, 292; letter to Lord Aberdeen, 300; assailed by Benton as to annexation of Texas, 307, 309; action as to legislation about Texas, 313; relations as to Mexican war, 314; and the Wilmot Proviso, 323; resolution as to power of Congress over slavery in the territories, 323-326; not a "Union man," 326; on the admission of Oregon, 326, 327, 328; dislikes Taylor's message to Congress, 331. California, admission of, 337. Caroline, affair of the, 270. Cartwright, Peter, 33. Cass, Lewis: nominated for Presidency, 329. Cherokees, treaty for their removal, 171. Clay, Henry: introduces his first tariff bill, 58; secretary of state under Adams, 61; assailed therefor, and fights Randolph, 62; devises the Panama mission, 63; leader of National Republican or Whig party, 86; defies "the South, the President, and the devil," 90; erroneous statement as to effect of tariff in the West, 91; angers the nullifiers, 99; defeated in presidential election in 1832, 100; alarmed at position of Calhoun, 106; and prepares compromise, 106; afterward quarrels about it with Calhoun, 110; befriends Bank of the United States, 124, 127, 129; effect on his political fortunes, 125; introduces resolution for return of deposits, 131; also for censuring President Jackson, 132; opposes Webster's bill for rechartering Bank, 136; on the expunging resolution, 141; opposes establishment of mints at the South, 144; also appropriating surplus for fortifications, 146; in financial crisis of 1837, 200; on the sub-Treasury bill, 201, 205; on resumption, 202, 203; opposes payment of state debts by national government, 221; prepares financial measures upon Tyler's accession, 240, 244; construction of a presidential election, 241; programme for legislation under Tyler, 245; attempts to introduce hour-limits for speeches in Senate, 250-252; lectures Tyler in the Bank debate, 256; defeated by Polk, 290; causes thereof, 310; attacks Taylor's message to Congress, 331;