Force arises from dearth or abundance; it is the child of physical
motion and the grandchild of spiritual motion, and the mother and
origin of gravity. Gravity is confined to the elements of {149} water
and earth, and this force is infinite, because infinite worlds could be
moved by it if instruments could be made by which the force could be
generated. Force, with physical motion, and gravity, with resistance,
are the four accidental powers by which all mortal things live and die.
Force has its origin in spiritual motion, and this motion, flowing
through the limbs of sentient animals, enlarges their muscles, and thus
enlarged the muscles are shrunk in length and contract the tendons with
which they are connected, and this is the cause of the strength in
human limbs. The quality and quantity of the strength of a man can
generate a further force, which will increase in proportion to the
duration of the motions produced by them.
[Sidenote: Aspects of Force]
20.
Gravity, force and casual motion together with resistance are the four
external powers by which all the visible actions of man live and die.
[Sidenote: Of Inertia]
21.
A motion tends to be continuous; a body set in motion continues to move
as long as the impression of the motive power lasts in it.
[Sidenote: Can Man imitate a Bird's Flight?]
22.
The bird is an instrument which operates by mathematical laws, and man
can reproduce all {150} the movements of this instrument, but cannot
attain to the intensity of its power; and can only succeed in acquiring
balance. Thus we will say that such an instrument constructed by man
lacks only the soul of the bird, and the soul of man must counterfeit
the soul of the bird. The spirit in the frame of the bird doubtless
would respond to needs of that frame better than would the spirit of
man, whose frame is different, more especially in the almost insensible
motions of balance; and since we see the bird make provision for the
many sensible varieties of movement, we can conclude by such experience
that man can acquire knowledge of the more markedly sensible of these
movements, and that he will be able to make ample provision against the
destruction of that instrument of which he has made himself the spirit
and the guide.
[Sidenote: Of Inertia]
23.
A natural and continuous motion seeks to preserve its course along the
line of its starting-point, that is to say, let us call starting-point
whatever place in which it varies.
24.
Everything maintains itself by motion. And if it were possible to
describe a diameter of air on the sphere of the earth, like to a well,
which would extend from one superficies to the other, {151} and if a
weighty body were dropped into this well, the body would seek to remain
stationary at the centre, but so strong would be the impetus that for
many years it would prevent it from so doing.
[Sidenote: Transmission of Motion]
25.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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