In the Harleian Manuscripts there is a letter from Lord Chancellor Hatton to Sir Thomas Smith, dated September 11, 158-, about a prevailing epidemic, and enclosing a ring for Queen Elizabeth to wear between her breasts, the said ring having "the virtue to expell infectious airs." Andrew Boorde, already quoted, says: "The Kynges of England doth halowe euery yere crampe rynges, the whyche rynges, worne on ones fynger, dothe helpe them the whyche hath the crampe."[185] Also, "The kynges majesty hath a great help in this matter, in hallowynge crampe rynges, and so given without money or petition." In the account of the ceremony given by Hospinian, he states that "it was performed upon Good Friday, and that it originated from a ring which had been brought to King Edward by some persons from Jerusalem, and one which he himself hath long before given privately to a poor petitioner who asked alms of him for the love he bore to St. John the Evangelist. This ring was preserved with great veneration in Westminster Abbey, and whoever was touched by this relic was said to be cured of the cramp or of the falling sickness." Burnet informs us that Bishop Gardiner was at Rome in 1529, and that he wrote a letter to Ann Boleyn, by which it appears that Henry VIII blessed the cramp rings before as well as after the separation from Rome, and that she sent them as great presents thither. "Mr. Stephens, I send you here cramp rings for you and Mr. Gregory and Mr. Peter, praying you to distribute them as you think best.--Ann Boleyn."[186] This ceremonial was practised by previous sovereigns and discontinued by Edward VI. Queen Mary intended to revive it, and, indeed, the office for it was written out, but she does not appear to have carried her intentions into effect. [167] T. J. Pettigrew, _Superstitions Connected with the History and Practice of Medicine and Surgery_, pp. 154 f. [168] E. Berdoe, _The Origin and Growth of the Healing Art_, p. 372. [169] _Ecclesiastical History of Great Britain_, I, p. 225. [170] Quoted by Berdoe, _ibid._, p. 371. [171] J. Brand, _Popular Antiquities_, pp. 257 f. [172] T. B. Macaulay, _History of England_, III, pp. 378 f. [173] A. D. White, _History of the Warfare of Science with Theology_, II, p. 47. [174] J. Brand, _Popular Antiquities_, III, p. 256. [175] T. J. Pettigrew, _Superstitions Connected with the History and Practice of Medicine and Surgery_, pp. 182-184. [176] Quoted by H. Tuke, _Influence of the Mind upon the Body_, pp. 359 f. [177] _Life of Johnson_, I, p. 42. [178] _History of England_, II, p. 302. [179] Vol. I, p. 323. [180] W. E. H. Lecky, _History of European Morals_, I, p. 364. [181] This was at Versailles. [182] T. J. Pettigrew, _Superstitions Connected with the History and Practice of Medicine and Surgery_, pp. 156 f. [183] W. A. Hammond, _Spiritism and Nervous Derangement_, p. 150.