After what has been said of the Prawn, little space need be devoted
to the Shrimp, for it may be gone over in precisely the same way. It
will be sufficient to call attention to the difference in the antennae,
to the rudimentary rostrum or beak, and to emphasize the distinction
between the terminal joints of the first leg in the two creatures. The
leg shown in Fig. 67 corresponds to the limb used for cleansing by the
Prawn.
There is a great difference in their habits, for Shrimps burrow in the
sand for concealment. In doing this the swimming feet, as well as the
walking legs, are brought into action, and when the Shrimp is settling
down, sand is swept over its back by the antennae, to render the
concealment complete.
In many of the rock-pools round the coast, and also in brackish water,
Mysis, or the Opossum Shrimp, may be met with. It is not, so far as my
experience goes, a good inmate of the aquarium, but it is extremely
interesting from the fact that, unlike its higher relations, the
auditory apparatus is not situated in the antennae, but in the plates
of the telson (Fig. 68E).
[Illustration: FIG. 68.--Mysis, or the Opossum Shrimp.]
Mysis is shrimp-like in general appearance but differs from Shrimps
in the structure of the legs, in the absence of gills, and in other
particulars.
The telson consists of five pieces. In each of the two inner and
smaller pieces is an oval sac, like that described in the basal joints
of the first antennae of the Prawn, containing a single lens-shaped
otolith, consisting of chalky matter embedded in some organic substance.
‘The vibration of the hairs [in this sac] is mechanical, not depending
on the life of the animal. Hensen took a Mysis, and fixed it in such
a position that he could watch particular hairs with a microscope. He
then sounded a scale; to most of the notes the hairs remained entirely
passive, but to some one it responded so violently and vibrated so
rapidly as to become invisible. When the note ceased the hair became
quiet; as soon as it was re-sounded, the hair at once began to vibrate
again. Other hairs, in the same way, responded to other notes. The
relation of the hairs to particular notes is probably determined by
various conditions; for instance, by the length, thickness, &c.[47]’
We shall not be able at present to repeat Hensen’s experiment, but we
may break up the sac and extract the otolith, which may be seen with
the lenses at our command.
Small specimens of the Shore Crab (_Car´cinus mae´nas_) are fair
game for us. They will interest us while living in the aquarium, and
when dead we can put them into pickle, and break them up at our leisure.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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