Roughly speaking he is about 490,000,000 miles distant from the sun and
his periodical revolution is about twelve Earth-years, his enormous
bulk is about 1400 times greater than Earth and his day and night
about ten Earth-hours. He travels in his orbit at over 29,000 miles
per hour, and the equatorial parts rotate at 28,000 miles an hour.
At the time the _Regina_ was christened, in the old days, the days
of King Edward the Seventh, Jupiter had six moons—the _Regina_ gave
him another, the one she had stolen—making seven: since then six more
had been discovered, and the travellers saw there were four others,
making in all, seventeen; this alone was worth coming for. Also as
they drew nearer they saw that his equatorial velocity of rotation,
compared with Earth, was so great that if they landed they would be
so light as to be flung off into space and it would be necessary for
them to be made heavier, but if this were done, would their physical
strength enable them to bear the increased weight, and would the extra
atmospheric pressure so oppress them as to cause congestion of the
brain, or in other ways be fatal? However, the risk had to be taken,
otherwise it would be difficult to get the insects they had come so far
to obtain, if they were unable to leave the vessel.
Whilst they were discussing the point they were drawing sufficiently
near to elucidate several controversial matters. For centuries it
had been thought that the belts of Jupiter were vapour or clouds
and nothing more, but now the voyagers distinctly saw what would be
hidden and probably unknown to the Jovians themselves, who from their
position on the underside of their atmosphere could not be aware of
its appearance as seen from the outside. It was unmistakable that the
belts were caused by millions of fine particles, like dust, which were
constantly coming through the atmosphere, being of too little gravity
to remain on the planet, the rapid revolution of which flung them
off into space by centrifugal force, and reaching the outside, they
revolved round the planet’s atmosphere at a distance of over a thousand
miles; these particles were coming from all parts of the planet,
eventually to become attracted to one or other of the belts on which
they settled. These belts were consequently slowly widening, though
they remained isolated and distinct by their own force of gravity and
repulsion and were visible to Earth, with an addition of but a few
inches in each century.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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