Several comets have been found to be short period bodies, which,
though bright enough to have been easily seen, have yet never been
noticed at any previous appearance. It is known that some at least of
these owe their present orbits to the fact that having come near to
one or other of the planets they have been, so to speak, captured, and
diverted from the track which they formerly pursued. Several of the
planets have more or less numerous flocks of comets associated with
them which they have thus captured and introduced into a short period
career. Jupiter has more than a score in his group, while Saturn,
Uranus and Neptune have smaller retinues. There can be no question
that a comet of first-class splendour, such as that of 1811, that of
1858, or that of 1861, is one of the most impressive spectacles that
the heavens have to offer. Unfortunately it is one which the present
generation, at least in the northern hemisphere, has had but little
opportunity of witnessing. Chambers notices 'that it may be taken as
a fact that a bright and conspicuous comet comes about once in ten
years, and a very remarkable comet once every thirty years;' and adds,
'tested then by either standard of words "bright and conspicuous," or
"specially celebrated," it may be affirmed that a good comet is now
due.' It is eleven years since that hopeful anticipation was penned,
and we are still waiting, not only for the 'specially celebrated,' but
even for the 'bright and conspicuous' comet; so that on the whole we
may be said to have a grievance. Still, there is no saying when the
grievance may be removed, as comets have a knack of being unexpected
in their developments; and it may be that some unconsidered little
patch of haze is even now drawing in from the depths which may yet
develop into a portent as wonderful as those that astonished the
generation before us in 1858 and 1861.
The multitude of comets is, in all probability, enormous. Between
the beginning of the Christian era and 1888 the number recorded was,
according to Chambers, 850; but the real number for that period must
have been indefinitely greater, as, for upwards of 1600 out of the
1888 years, only those comets which were visible to the naked eye
could have been recorded--a very small proportion of the whole. The
period 1801 to 1888 shows 270, so that in less than one century
there has been recorded almost one-third of the total for nineteen
centuries. At present no year goes by without the discovery of several
comets; but very few of them become at all conspicuous. For example,
in 1904, six comets were seen--three of these being returns of comets
previously observed, and three new discoveries; but none of these
proved at all notable objects in the ordinary sense, though Comet 1904
(_a_), discovered by Brooks, was pretty generally observed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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