The kinship of these and other similar conditions to the tics is undeniable, and such seems to be the case with the yet more extraordinary phenomena of _jumping_ in Maine (Beard), _latah_ among the Malays (O'Brien), _myriachit_ in Siberia (Hammond). All these affections show, among others, this peculiarity--that unexpected contact produces a spring (Guinon). In a recent thesis Ramisiray has depicted the dancing mania (_ramaneniana_) of Madagascar, a condition allied to the latah of the Dutch Indies, but more intimately connected with hysteria, perhaps, and with the saltatory choreas, the saltatory cramps of Bamberger, St. John's and St. Guy's dance, tarentism, etc. The exact nature of these convulsive disorders is still _sub judice_, but in any case they present more than a mere resemblance to the tics. SPITTING, SWALLOWING, AND VOMITING TICS--TICS OF ERUCTATION AND OF WIND SUCKING In some tics the palatal muscles are found to contract, but this contraction must not be confused with the spasmodic twitches of the same muscles associated with facial spasm and due to central or peripheral irritation of the seventh nerve. One of us has had occasion to observe an excellent case in point in a young man afflicted with spasm of the orbicularis and zygomatics on the right side, in whom synchronous displacement of the uvula occurred with each twitch. The extreme abruptness and rapidity of the muscular discharges, the inadequacy of voluntary effort to check them, the absolute uselessness of prolonged and systematic treatment, left no doubt as to the accuracy of the diagnosis. The occurrence of palatal spasm in intracranial lesions has, of course, been recognised--in cerebellar tumour (Oppenheim), in epidemic cerebro-spinal meningitis, in aneurism of the vertebral artery (Siemerling and Oppenheim). It is occasionally associated with the emission of clucking sounds, and with convulsive action of hyoid and tongue muscles. In such cases the distinction between a tic and a spasm is not always easy to establish. We may, however, readily recognise that we are dealing with the former if the contractions of tongue, palate, and larynx are contemporaneous with the execution of a functional act, such as expectoration. Among those who labour under obsessions, tics of expectoration are well known. One of Guinon's patients, while making forced expirations, used to bring his hand up over his mouth convulsively as though he were afraid of spitting on some one in his neighbourhood.