Here there seems to have been a combination of hysteria with the disease of convulsive tics. Charcot,[156] however, drew a sharp line of distinction between them, although they may co-exist in the same individual. Apropos of this subject Raymond and Janet[157] call attention to the fact that in the somnambulistic state the memory may be much more extensive than in the waking state, and may recall events that have not passed the threshold of consciousness, which nevertheless have been the determining cause of various phenomena of the conscious life. In this way may be explained the genesis of certain tics, although it is not a necessary sequel that they themselves are stigmata of hysteria. Sometimes, however, that disease does appear to play an indispensable part in originating convulsive movements. An interesting case in point has been published by Scherb[158] as "beggar's tic." The patient is a young girl eighteen years old, born of an alcoholic father and an hysterical mother, and brought up amid deplorable surroundings, socially and morally. At the age of seven she contracted diphtheria, and a doctor was called to visit her. The mere sight of him so frightened her that the whole of the right side of her body went into a state of contracture, with mouth and eye deviated to the right, the arm pronated and adducted, the leg stiff and the heel raised off the ground. Some gradual improvement took place after a month, but her mother saw in the incident a means of attracting public sympathy, and encouraged the child to maintain the vicious attitude by sending her into the streets to beg. And so she appears to-day, her right foot trailing, her toes flexed, her forearm bent, her hand extended and fingers curled up. Whenever the patient is unobserved or forgets her professional attitude, at once the arm resumes its normal position and activity. An examination of sensation reveals a hyperæsthesia of the right half of the body, with _points douleureux_ over the left ovary and the left mamma, as well as over the larynx. There is no contraction of the visual fields; reflectivity is normal; Babinski's sign is absent. The author considers the case one of "professional mental tic" in a predisposed patient--in other words, the tic is a "mental bad habit" in an individual psychically abnormal. There is a certain analogy between this condition and mental torticollis in the insignificance of the effort by which the patient corrects the deformity, compared with the great force exerted by any one else to obtain the same result. Yet the symptoms strongly suggest hysteria; their unilaterality, and the combination of motor and sensory alterations, are altogether too special to have been caused by any other morbid process.