They presented the spastic gait of the former with the involuntary movements of the latter, in addition to spasm of the hand in writing, spasmodic movements of the trunk, and spasmodic torticollis. Both had club foot and scoliosis, and one was afflicted with spasm of the face and left arm. In his case, further, there was nystagmus, together with loss of reflexes and difficulty in articulation, while fibrillary contractions were to be observed in his muscles. The other patient's reflexes were exaggerated, and he showed a double extensor response. In Desterac's opinion their spasmodic torticollis was dependent on this congenital constitutional affection, which might be regarded as a _fruste_ form of one of the diseases above mentioned. Through the kindness of M. Desterac the opportunity has been granted one of us of examining the two patients, and we should like to point out why we think his interpretation of their symptoms must be considered with reserve. Speaking generally, we thought the cases closely resembled those in which a long-standing mental torticollis is accompanied with convulsive movements of the limbs. The scoliosis was not permanent, the deformation of the foot could be overcome, and at the same time we failed to convince ourselves of the presence of nystagmus and the absence of the knee-jerks. Moreover, we happened to observe one of the patients in the street unawares, and remarked how between two phases of bizarre contortions his vicious attitudes and convulsive gestures almost entirely vanished. In fact, the clinical picture seemed to us to be quite other than that associated with organic disease such as Friedreich's disease or hereditary cerebellar ataxia. Another case recently brought before the Neurological Society of Paris by Marie and Guillain[175] serves even better to illustrate the intricacies of diagnosis. The patient was a man of fifty-eight, who for years had exhibited certain movements apparently of an athetoid nature. His head was extended and rotated to the right synchronously with elevation and eversion of the left shoulder, then it passed into flexion. Except for a few odd movements of the tongue, the face conserved immobility. In the arms the localisation of the contractions was mostly proximal, though there were alternating flexion and extension movements of the fingers which suggested athetosis. Flexion, inversion, and adduction of the thighs also occurred. The recti abdominis were similarly involved.