The same tendency is revealed in an inane search after precision in the
most petty details, the natural result in the case of conversation, for
instance, being that its thread is quickly lost in endless digressions
and parentheses within parentheses.
A score of other mental peculiarities, commonly described as "manias" by
the lay mind, are nothing else than fixed or obsessional ideas in
miniature, as Grasset says, and he narrates how for a time he himself
used to be irresistibly forced, on entering a railway carriage, to
divide the figure representing the number of the carriage by the number
of the compartment. He further cites the case of an otherwise normal
individual, who whenever one foot strikes on a stone raised a little
above the level of the ground, is obliged to seek an analogous sensation
for the other, and who cannot let one hand touch anything cold without
giving its fellow the opportunity of receiving an identical impression.
A common impulse is to count the windows in the house one is passing, or
the bars of the railings. Sometimes it is a "mania" for setting things
straight, or for rubbing out marks in a book; but while these and
similar psychical accidents are singularly prone to develop in the
subjects of tic, they are not to be considered in any way special to
them.
Hallucinations, too, and sometimes actual delusions, may form a basis
from which springs a motor reaction that passes into a tic.
If even the most sane among us (says Letulle) are conscious of a
wellnigh invincible propensity to repeat a particular movement or
expression or sequence of thought, we can understand how the
temptation falls with overwhelming force on such as suffer from
persistent hallucinations or fixed ideas. Take, for instance, this
woman who utters a shrill cry and waves her hand before her face;
the regularity of her action is a sequel to the delusion that
possesses her, for in her imagination she is chasing away the birds
that would pluck out her eyes. And when at a later stage these
visual hallucinations are lost in a progressive dementia, the
gesture becomes an incurable tic.
Here is another patient: his habits of continually washing his
hands, of expectorating as he passes any one, have their
explanation in his dread of being poisoned by imaginary foes, and,
though subsequent mental disintegration precludes the possibility
of the delusion continuing, the trick remains to the end of life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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