REPEATER—A striking watch or clock which by the pulling of a string or the pressing of a button could be made to repeat the last hour and part hour, struck. In vogue during the 18th century. Credit for the invention was disputed by Daniel Quare and Edward Barlow. James II gave the decision in favor of Quare whose mechanism was a trifle simpler. REPOUSSE—A kind of chasing in which the metal is punched or pressed from the back bringing the design into higher relief than by the usual method of indenting. [Illustration] RING-DIAL—See _Sun-dial_, _Portable_. RICHARD, DANIEL JEAN—A Swiss watchmaker, born at La Sagne in 1665. At fifteen a watch having come into his hands, he constructed a similar one unaided. That was the first watch made in Neuchatel. After a time in Geneva he set up business in La Sagne, afterwards moving to Locle. He created the watch industry of Neuchatel and saw it grow to a neighborhood of five hundred workers. He died at Locle 1741. In 1888 a bronze statue was erected to him there. ROBBINS, ROYAL E.—Born in Connecticut 1824. He was essentially one of the "fathers" of American watchmaking because it was through his financing and clever management that the first watch company finally succeeded in making a financial success. ROLLER—The circular plate in a lever escapement, into which the ruby pin is set. ROLLER-JEWEL—Same as "impulse pin." ROMAN INDICTION—A period of fifteen years appointed by the Emperor Constantine 312 A. D. for the payment of certain taxes. ROSE ENGINE—A lathe in which the rotary movement of the mandrel is combined with a lateral, reciprocating movement of the tool rest; used for ornamenting the outside cases of watches with involved curved engraving. RUBY PIN—The impulse pin in a lever escapement, made of a ruby. RUBY ROLLER—The roller in a duplex escapement against which the teeth of the escape wheel are locked. RUN—In the lever escapement, the extent of the movement of the lever toward the banking pins after the "drop" on to the locking. SABINIANUS—Pope from 604 to 606. Said to have invented a clock in 612 A. D., but the clock he is supposed to have built was probably only another of many forms of clepsydrae, or water clocks. SAFETY PINION—A center pinion in a going-barrel watch which allows the recoil of the barrel if the mainspring breaks. [Illustration] SAND-GLASS—(CLEPSAMMIA)—A dumb-bell-shaped glass globe containing sand, and with a small aperture through which the sand flows in a certain fixed time. The most common form is the hour-glass but many others are in use as the three-minute glass for boiling eggs, the two-minute glass used by the British Parliament, etc. Dried and finely powdered eggshell sometimes used in place of sand. The principle is the same as that of the simplest form of clepsydra. See _Hour-Glass_. SANDOZ AND TROT—A firm which established the first watch factory in Switzerland in 1804. Previous to that time watchmaking had been a house industry.