Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
=C. max´ima= Gärtn and Meyer. (Fl. Wett.)—greatest. (Plate XXIV, fig. 5,
page 82.) =Pileus= as much as 1 foot broad, becoming pale-tan or
whitish, _fleshy_, compact at the disk, otherwise thin, _somewhat
flaccid_ (not capable of being split), broadly funnel-shaped, gibbous
_with a central umbo_, always very dry, the surface _becoming
silky-even_ or squamulose; margin involute, pubescent, always _even_.
=Flesh= white, at length soft. =Stem= as much as 4 in. long, 1 in.
thick, solid, compact, but internally spongy, _elastic_, attenuated
upward, fibrillosestriate, whitish. =Gills= _deeply decurrent_, pointed
at both ends, somewhat crowded, soft, simple, _whitish_, not changeable.
The pileus is always very dry because the surface absorbs moisture. Odor
weak, pleasant, almost that of A. infundibuliformis. On account of its
gigantic stature and color, it has often been interchanged with A.
gigantea Sow.; it is in no wise, however, allied to that species, but is
so closely allied to A. infundibuliformis that it might be taken for a
very luxuriant form of it. _Stevenson._
=Spores= 6×4µ _Massee_; 5×3µ, _W.G.S._
New England, _Frost_; California, _H. and M._
Common in the West Virginia mountains, mixed woods in New Jersey and
Pennsylvania. June to November. _McIlvaine._
It is coarse, dry, hard, but chopped fine and cooked in various ways,
either by itself or with meats, it is a good food.
=C. infundibulifor´mis= Schaeff.—_infundibulum_, a funnel; _forma_,
form. (Plate XXIV, fig. 11, p. 82.) The Funnel-form clitocybe, Clitocybe
infundibuliformis, is a neat and pretty species easily recognized by the
funnel shape of its mature cap and by its pale red color. When very
young the cap is slightly convex and often adorned with a slight umbo in
its center. As it matures the margin becomes elevated so that the cap
assumes a shape somewhat resembling that of a wine glass. The margin is
sometimes wavy. The flesh is thin and white. The gills are close, thin,
white or whitish and decurrent. The stem is smooth, colored like or a
little paler than the cap and mostly tapering from the base upward.
The cap is 2–3 in. broad, the stem 1½-3 in. long and ¼-½ in. thick.
The funnel-shaped mushroom grows in woods or copses in summer and
autumn, especially in wet seasons. It is somewhat variable in color, but
is usually a pale-red, tinged with buff, and sometimes becoming more
pale with age. It delights to grow among fallen leaves, and often there
is an abundant white cottony mycelium at the base of the stem. When it
grows in clusters the caps are apt to be irregular because of mutual
pressure. “Mushrooms and Their Use.” _Peck._
=Spores= 5–6×3–4µ _B._
Very common and in plenty after rains, when large patches of it may be
found. I have usually found the light pinkish-buff color to abound, and
the stem thinner than described by Prof. Peck. Size of cap from 1–3 in.
It is a good, reliable food species. The stem should be removed, and the
caps well cooked.
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