Many of the species are peppery, acrid, astringent; some mildly so, others will be long remembered if tasted raw. Yet not a species is hotter than some radishes, onions, and others of our favorite vegetables. Who would condemn them because they are peppery? There is not a single species of Lactarius which retains its pepperiness after cooking. This quality has to be and is supplied by one of our favorite condiments—pepper itself. Simply because they are _toadstools_ and _hot_, they have been condemned without trial. It is remarkable that not one of the fungi known to be deadly gives any warning by appearance or flavor of the presence of a poison. The day will probably come when it can be said that if toadstool eaters will confine themselves to _hot_ species, otherwise attractive, they will run no risk. Panus stypticus is astringent, not hot. ANALYSIS OF TRIBES. PIPERITES (peppery, after _piperitis_, pepperwort). Page 163. Stem central. Gills unchangeable, not pruinose nor becoming discolored. Milk white at first, usually acrid. * TRICHOLOMOIDEI—inclining to Tricholoma. Pileus moist, viscid, margin incurved and downy at first. ** LIMACINI—_limax_, a slug. Pileus viscid when moist, with a pellicle, margin naked. *** PIPERATI. Pileus without a pellicle, hence absolutely dry, often more or less downy or unpolished. DAPETES (_daps_, a feast). Page 170. Stem central. Gills naked. Milk highly colored from the first. RUSSULARIA (inclining to Russula). Page 173. Stem central. Gills pallid then discolored, at length dark and powdered with the white spores. Milk at first white, mild, or from mild becoming acrid. * VISCIDI—_viscidus_, viscid, sticky. Pileus viscid at first. ** IMPOLITI—_impolitus_, unpolished. Pileus squamulose, downy or pruinose. *** GLABRATI—_glaber_, smooth. Pileus polished, smooth. PLEUROPUS (_pleura_, side; _pous_, a foot). Stem excentric or lateral. Growing on trunks. None known to be edible. I.—PIPERI´TES. * TRICHOLOMOI´DEI. _Pileus viscid, margin incurved, etc._ =L. tormino´sus= Fr.—_tormina_, gripes. =Pileus= 2–4 in. broad, convex, then depressed, viscid when young or moist, yellowish-red or paleochraceous tinged with red or flesh color, often varied with zones or spots, the at first involute _margin persistently tomentose-hairy_. =Gills= thin, close, narrow, whitish, often tinged with yellow or flesh color. =Stem= 1.5–3 in. long, 4–8 lines thick, equal or slightly tapering downward, hollow, sometimes spotted, whitish. =Spores= subglobose or broadly elliptical, 9–10µ. =Milk= white, taste acrid. Woods. Adirondack mountains and Sandlake. August. _Peck_, 38th Rep. N.Y. State Bot.