Quite frequent there. My attention was directed to it by the “narrow encircling furrow or depressed zone near the margin.” It is of like quality to L. volemus. =L. Gerar´dii= Pk. =Pileus= 1.5–4 in. broad, broadly convex plane or slightly depressed, dry, generally rugose-wrinkled, with or without a small umbo or papilla, _dingy-brown_, the thin spreading margin sometimes flexuous lobed or irregular. =Gills= _distant_, adnate or decurrent, _white or whitish_, the interspaces generally uneven. =Stem= 1–2 in. long, 3–6 lines thick, subequal, stuffed or hollow, colored like the pileus. =Spores= globose, _white_, 9–11.3µ. =Milk= white, _unchangeable_, taste _mild_. Woods and open places. Poughkeepsie, _W.R. Gerard_. Greenbush, Sandlake and Croghan, N.Y. July to September. This Lactarius closely resembles the Sooty lactarius in color, but differs from it in its more distant gills, white spores and constantly mild taste. Wounds of the flesh and gills do not become pinkish-red as in that plant. From L. hygrophoroides its darker color, hollow stem and more globose rougher spores separate it. _Peck_, 38th Rep. N.Y. State Bot. In the color of the pileus and stem this species is like the larger forms of L. fuliginosus. _Peck_, 26th Rep. Edible. Boston Myc. Club Bull. *** GLABRA´TI. _Pileus smooth._ =L. vole´mus= Fr.—_volema pira_, a kind of large pear. (Plate XLI, fig. 4, p. 160) =Pileus= 2–5 in. broad, firm, convex, nearly plane or centrally depressed, rarely funnel-shaped, sometimes with a small umbo, generally even, _glabrous_, dry, _golden-tawny or brownish-orange_, sometimes darker in the center, often becoming rimose-areolate. =Gills= _close_, adnate or subdecurrent, white or yellowish, becoming sordid or brownish where bruised or wounded. =Stem= 1–4 in. long, 4–10 lines thick, subequal, variable in length, firm, solid, glabrous or merely pruinose, colored like the pileus, sometimes a little paler. =Milk= _copious_, white, taste mild, flat. Var. _subrugo´sus_. =Pileus= rugose-reticulated on the margin. _Peck_, 38th Rep. N.Y. State Bot. =Spores= globose, white, 9–11.3µ _Peck_; 5–6µ diameter _Massee_. Very delicious raw and celebrated from early times. _Fries._ Common over the United States, well known everywhere and distinguished for its edible qualities. It is crisp and unless carefully cooked is hard and granular. It should have long, slow cooking, though it may be roasted or fried. (Plate XLII.) [Illustration: LACTARIUS HYGROPHOROIDES.]