Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
_Taste mild_, often astringent. The most changeable of all species,
especially in the color of the pileus which is typically red, but at the
same time inclining to azure-blue, bay-brown, olivaceous, etc. Sometimes
the gills are sterile and remain white. _Fries._
=Spores= ellipsoid-spheroid or spheroid echinulate, globose, rough, 8–9µ
_C.B.P._; 9–10µ diameter, pale ochraceous. _Massee._
It is difficult to separate R. integra from R. alutacea. The spores
usually show upon the gills as pale dull yellow powder. It is of equal
excellence.
=R. decolo´rans= Fr.—_de_ and _coloro_, to color. =Pileus= 3–5 in.
broad, color various, at first orange-red, then light yellow and
becoming pale, fleshy, spherical then expanded and depressed, remarkably
regular, viscid when moist, thin and at length striate at the margin.
=Flesh= _white, but becoming somewhat cinereous_ when broken, and more
or less _variegated with black spots_ when old. =Stem= _elongated_, 3–5
in., cylindrical, solid, but spongy within, often _wrinkled-striate,
white then becoming cinereous_ especially within. =Gills= adnexed, often
in pairs, thin, crowded, fragile, white then yellowish.
_Taste mild._ Colors changeable according to a fixed rule, but not
variable. The gills are not ochraceous-pulverulent as in R. integra, nor
shining and pure yellow as in R. aurata, etc. _Fries._
=Spores= yellow, 8.3µ _Morgan_.
New York, _Peck_, 23d Rep. Angora, West Philadelphia, Pa., 1897, in
mixed woods. August to October. _McIlvaine._
Esculent and of good quality. _Morgan._
Meals of it make one regret its scarcity.
=R. basifurca´ta= Pk.—forked near stem. =Pileus= 2–3 in. broad, firm,
convex, umbilicate, becoming somewhat funnel form, glabrous, slightly
viscid when moist, the thin pellicle scarcely separable except on the
margin, dingy-white, sometimes tinged with yellow or reddish-yellow, the
margin nearly even. =Lamellæ= rather close, narrowed toward the base,
adnate or slightly emarginate, many of them forked near the base, a few
short ones intermingled, white becoming yellowish. =Stem= 8–12 lines
long, 5–6 lines thick, firm, solid, becoming spongy within, white.
=Spores= elliptical, pale yellow, uninucleate or shining, 9×6.5µ.
=Flesh= white, taste mild, then bitterish.
Dry hard ground in paths and wood roads. Canoga, N.Y. July.
This species closely resembles pale forms of R. furcata, from which it
is separated by the absence of any silky micor and by the yellowish
color and elliptical shape of the spores and by the yellowish hue of the
lamellæ. _Peck_, 38th Rep. N.Y. State Bot.
Mt. Gretna, Pa., September, 1898, to frost. Gravelly ground. Solitary.
Gills adnate. Identified as his species by Professor Peck.
The slight bitterish taste disappears in cooking. It is edible and of
fair quality.
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