Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
=C. tur´malis= Fr.—_turma_, a troop. (Plate LXXXII, fig. 4, p. 306.)
=Pileus= yellow-tan, most frequently darker at the disk, not changeable,
compact, convex then plane, very obtuse, even, smooth (sometimes
obsoletely piloso-virgate), when young veiled with pruinate but very
fugacious villous down, soon naked, viscid. =Flesh= white. =Stem=
sometimes 3 in., sometimes 6 in. long, 1 in. thick, solid, very hard,
rigid, _cylindrical_, here and there attenuated at the base, shining
white when dry, _when young sheathed with a white woolly veil_, naked
when full grown. Cortina entirely fibrillose, superior and persistent in
the form of a ring, at length ferruginous with the spores. =Gills=
variously adnexed, rounded or emarginate, even decurrent with a tooth,
crowded, _serrated_, white then clay-color. _Fries._
I find it edible and of great value, being plentiful in pine woods,
Maryland. I have collected a bushel in less than an hour in October.
Under pine needles forming mounds. _Taylor._
The localities and the habit of C. turmalis are very like that of C.
sebaceus. The leaf mat broods the clusters.
C. turmalis is on a par with C. sebaceus. Personally I prefer the
latter.
** _Gills purplish, then clay-colored._
=C. va´rius= (Schaeff.) Fr.—_varius_, changeable. =Pileus= 2 in. and
more broad, bright _ferruginous-tawny_, compact, hemispherico-flattened,
very obtuse, regular, slightly viscid, even, smooth, the thin margin at
first incurved, appendiculate with the cortina. =Flesh= firm, white.
=Stem= curt, 1½-2½ in. long, 1 in. and more thick, _bulbous_, absolutely
immarginate, compact, _shining white_, adpressedly flocculose, the
superior veil pendulous. =Gills= emarginate, thin, somewhat crowded,
_at first_ narrow, _violaceous-purplish_, then broader and
ochraceous-cinnamon, always quite entire.
Variable in stature, but the habit and colors are always unchangeable.
It varies with the stem taller and somewhat equal, the pileus
yellow-tawny, and the gills dark blue. _Fries._
In woods. Uncommon. September to November. _Stevenson._
Minnesota; Ohio.
Edible. _Cooke_, 1891.
_B._ SCAU´RI.
* _Gills whitish then cinnamon._
=C. intru´sus= Pk. =Pileus= fleshy, rather thin, convex, then expanded,
glabrous, somewhat viscid when moist, even or radiately wrinkled on the
margin, yellowish or buff, sometimes with a reddish tint. =Flesh= white.
=Lamellæ= thin, close, rounded behind, at first whitish or creamy-white,
then cinnamon, often uneven on the edge. =Stem= equal or slightly
tapering either upward or downward, stuffed or hollow, sometimes
beautifully striate at the top only or nearly to the base, minutely
floccose when young, soon glabrous, white. =Spores= broadly elliptical,
brownish-cinnamon, 6–8×4–5µ.
=Pileus= 1–2.5 in. broad. =Stem= 1–3 in. long, 3–6 lines thick.
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