Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
This species is included in Amanita by Fries and Stevenson. Massee
places it in Lepiota. In the dozen or more specimens I have found, there
was no trace of a volva, even when very young. I tested it carefully and
at one time ate three good-sized caps without experiencing any
indications of poison. I have seen it during but one season and not then
(at one time) in sufficient quantity to make a meal off it. Cooked it
has a slight cheesy flavor which is pleasant.
=L. illi´nita= Fr.—_illino_, to smear over. =Pileus= rather thin, soft,
at first ovate, then campanulate or expanded, subumbonate, smooth,
white, very viscid or glutinous, even or striate on the margin. =Gills=
close, free, white. =Stem= equal or slightly tapering upward, stuffed or
hollow, viscid, white. =Spores= broadly elliptical, 5×4µ broad.
=Plant= 2–4 in. high. =Pileus= 1–2.5 in. broad. =Stem= 2–3 lines thick.
Thin or open woods. Adirondack mountains. July to September.
This is a smooth white species with the stem and pileus clothed with a
clear viscid or glutinous veil. The margin of the pileus is often even,
but the typical form of the species has it striate. The flesh is soft
and white. The species may be distinguished from the viscid white
species of Hygrophorus by the free, not adnate nor decurrent lamellæ.
_Peck_, 35th Rep. N.Y. State Bot.
Springton and Mt. Gretna, Pa., 1887–1897. _McIlvaine._
Not yet found by me in quantity. Several specimens eaten were of good
flavor.
=L. rugulo´sa= Pk. =Pileus= thin, submembranaceous, broadly convex or
nearly plane, umbonate, rugulose, widely striate on the margin, whitish.
=Lamellæ= thin, narrow, close, free, whitish. =Stem= short, equal,
slightly silky, whitish, the annulus thin, persistent, white. =Spores=
elliptic, 7.5µ long, 4µ broad.
=Pileus= 12–20 mm. broad. =Stem= about 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick.
Moist grassy places under trees. Washington, D.C. July. _Mrs. E.M.
Williams._ Perhaps in the fresh state the pileus is not as distinctly
rugulose as when dry. _Peck_, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, Vol. 27, January,
1900.
[Illustration]
=ARMILLA´RIA= Fr.
_Armilla_, a ring.
(Plate XVII.)
[Illustration: ARMILLARIA MELLEA.]
=Pileus= and =Stem= continuous. =Veil= partial, sometimes only indicated
by the scales which clothe the stem terminating in the form of a ring.
=Spores= white. On the ground or on stumps.
In the young plant the veil extends from the stem to the pileus,
sometimes forming scaly patches upon it; below the ring it is attached
to the stem often in scales.
But for the presence of the ring the species of this genus could be
distributed in Tricholoma, Clitocybe and Collybia, with which they agree
in all other characters.
In Amanita and Lepiota, the other ringed genera of the white-spored
series, the flesh of the stem and pileus is not continuous; and their
stems are therefore easily separated. Amanita is also distinguished by
its volva.
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