Tobacco: Growing, Curing, & Manufacturing: A Handbook for Planters in All Parts of the World
Science
Tobacco: Growing, Curing, & Manufacturing: A Handbook for Planters in All Parts of the World
Tobacco; Tobacco industry
The census bulletin on this branch of industry, recently issued, is of a
very interesting nature. The tobacco product in the United States is
divided into classes, types and grades, the basis of a class being its
adaptation to any specific purpose; of a type, to certain qualities or
properties in the leaf, such as colour, strength, elasticity, body or
flavour. It also applies to the method of curing, such as sun, air or
flue curing. Grades represent the different qualities of a type, and
vary much in the several types. The classification of American tobacco
is threefold, viz. domestic cigar tobacco and “smokers,”
chewing-tobacco, export tobacco. The domestic tobacco trade comprises
the various kinds of seed-leaf of Connecticut, New England,
Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Illinois, New York, Florida and Ohio, as well
as the sorts known as White Burley “lugs,” fine-fibred wrappers, Indiana
kite foot, and American-grown Havana. In the chewing class are included
the fine-cut and the plug fillers, principally of the White Burley type
from Kentucky, while under the head of export tobacco are the Virginian
bird’s-eye cutting leaf, and the spinning fillers or shag. It is curious
to notice how each market for export tobacco differs in its
requirements. The “closed” markets, or those in which the tobacco trade
is a monopoly of the Government, are France, Italy, Austria and Spain.
The French “Régie” is supplied by wrappers, binders and fillers from
Kentucky, Maryland and Ohio; the Italian Régie from Kentucky and
Virginia; the Austrian Régie by “strips” from the same States, and the
Spanish Régie by common “lugs.” The open markets are Germany, to which
are sent the tobaccos known as German saucer and spinners; Ohio and
Maryland, spangled cigar-wrappers and “smokers” fat lugs; Switzerland,
which is supplied with Virginian or Western wrappers and fillers;
Holland, with Dutch saucer (a mottled Virginia, Kentucky or Tennessee
leaf); Belgium, with Belgian cutter (a light, yellowish-brown leaf, well
fired); Norway and Sweden, with heavy types, mainly used for spinning
and “saucing.” Kentucky, which stands first of all the States for
production, the annual produce being 171,120,784 lb., gains her chief
profits from the white burley and yellow wrapper; Illinois, from the
production of the seed-leaf; Missouri, from sweet fillers and white
burley; Virginia, from yellow wrappers, bright “smokers,” sun, air and
flue-cured fillers. Decidedly the most prosperous tobacco States are
those that grow types suitable for domestic consumption, while those
that grow it mainly for exportation stand low in the scale, the margin
of profit under this head being reduced very low. According to the
researches of Dr. Gideon Moore, the largest amount of nicotine is
contained in the Virginian heavily manured lots (5·81 per cent.), while
the Virginian heavy English shipping has 4·72, the New York domestic
Havana but 2·53, the Connecticut seed-leaf 1·14, while the smallest
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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