In social purity, again, Tolstoy's has been one of the most potent voices. Many people think that he carries his asceticism unnecessarily far, but, when we think of the corruption which has invaded so large a part of Europe, we can see that he heads a much-needed revulsion. And here again he excels by the extraordinary {93} power and fidelity with which he shows the evil results of loose living: its tragic cruelty to the seduced woman, its power of corrupting, by a kind of reflex action, even those who would seem most remote from its sphere. And Tolstoy has not limited his condemnation to "irregularities"; he condemns the immoral marriage no less severely, and has given a most drastic analysis of the vices which underlie "respectability." Tolstoy will not allow virtue to consist in anything so cheap and easy as mere legality. Again, his influence also tells in the direction of simplicity of life. Many people are arriving at the conclusion that modern civilised life is too complex, that it achieves not real refinement, but luxury which enervates and ostentation which vulgarises. Tolstoy joins the cult of the "simple life" by another road: by pointing out the immensity of the labour which luxury entails upon others. And finally, we may point out that in art also the age is feeling its way towards an attempt to realise, consciously or unconsciously, the Tolstoyan ideals. We are beginning to ask for the simplification of art, for its deliverance from over-elaborate technique; we are beginning to see that it cannot be truly deep and profound unless it is also national and of the people; that Tolstoy is essentially right when he declares that art, by cutting itself off from popular inspiration, becomes barren and sterile. {94} BIBLIOGRAPHY BIOGRAPHIES OF TOLSTOY _Life of Tolstoy_. Aylmer Maude. _Life of Tolstoy_. Holland. _Life of Tolstoy_. Birukoff. _Recollections of Tolstoy_. Behrs. ESSAYS AND STUDIES _Tolstoy and his Problems_. Aylmer Maude. _Tolstoy as Man and Artist_. Merejkovski. _How Tolstoy Lives and Works_. Sergyenko. _Ideals and Realities in Russian Literature_. Kropotkin. _Leo N. Tolstoy_. A. Löwenfeld. _Essays in Criticism_ (2nd Series). Matthew Arnold. (French) _Tolstoi et les Doukhobors, faits historiques réunis par_ J. Bienstock. (German) _Graf Leo Tolstoi_. Anna Seuron. TOLSTOY'S WORKS (_Specially notable works are marked with an asterisk_) 1852. _Childhood_.* 1853. _The Raid_. 1854. _Boyhood_.* 1855. _Memoirs of a Billiard Marker_. _The Wood Felling_. 1856. _Sevastopol_* (Complete). _The Snow Storm_. _Two Hussars_. _A Landed Proprietor_. 1857. _Youth_.* _Lucerne_. 1858. _Albert_. 1859. _Three Deaths_.* _Family Happiness_.* 1863. _The Cossacks_.* _Polikoushka_. 1869. _War and Peace_* (Complete). 1872. _A Prisoner in the Caucasus_. _God Sees the Truth_. {95}