Tomato products: pulp, ketchup, and chili sauce.Bigelow, W. D. (Willard Dell)
Science
Tomato products: pulp, ketchup, and chili sauce.
Bigelow, W. D. (Willard Dell)
Tomato products
The instrument can be used with the same accuracy as the specific
gravity hydrometer, and the results obtained by it, after correcting
for temperature by Table 8, are converted into terms of specific
gravity by means of Table 9. The determination of the specific
gravity of pulp by means of the hydrometer reading of the filtrate
obtained from the pulp has several advantages over the ordinary method
of weighing a measured quantity of the pulp. When applied to pulp
manufactured from whole tomatoes, the method is reasonably accurate.
It is also very rapid and the equipment required is inexpensive. This
method is especially applicable to the examination of pulp manufactured
from whole tomatoes. It is less applicable to trimming stock pulp,
although even with that product the method will be of value, especially
for the examination of cyclone juice for the purpose of controlling
concentration. With pulp manufactured from trimming stock, the relation
of the specific gravity of the pulp to the specific gravity of the
filtrate obtained from it will vary according to the nature of the
raw material used and also according to the method of manufacture. It
seems probable, therefore, that after a manufacturer has determined
this relation as applied to his own product, he may be able to use this
method with reasonable accuracy even in connection with trimming stock
pulp.
The method is adapted especially to the examination of cold pulp or
cyclone juice.
The following apparatus is used in this method:
1 Brix hydrometer, graduated at 20.0° C., with a range of 1–10°,
graduated in 1/10°.
1 Cylinder of heavy glass, lipped, height 12 inches, diameter 2 inches.
1 Chemical thermometer, graduated in Fahrenheit system up to 212° F.
Since this apparatus is likely to be broken, it is well for each plant
that contemplates using the method to equip itself with at least two of
each item mentioned above.
The Brix hydrometer mentioned above is suggested because it is a stock
article handled by all dealers in chemical apparatus and can be secured
quickly. It has the disadvantage that it is relatively large, and in
order to use it the filtrate must be prepared in much larger quantity
than would be required by a smaller hydrometer. By placing orders well
in advance with dealers in chemical apparatus special hydrometers may
be made with a bulb about one-half inch in diameter and with a total
length of five or six inches. Such hydrometers could be used with a
cylinder as small as one inch in diameter. They would require much less
liquor than is necessary for the Brix hydrometer and therefore would
enable the analyst to obtain results much more quickly. In securing
such hydrometers it would be well to order several at a time, since it
would require several weeks to replace any that may be broken.
The details of the method are as follows:
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